Comparative effects of replacing soybean meal in feeds with processed soybean meal on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs when fed pharmacological level of zinc

Objective The objective was to evaluate the effects of partially replacing soybean meal (SBM) in nursery pig diets with enzyme-treated soybean meal (ESBM), fermented soybean meal (FSBM), or fermented soybean meal containing probiotic microorganism (PFSBM) on jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota, imm...

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Main Authors: Lan Zheng, Jung Yeol Sung, Sung Woo Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies 2025-08-01
Series:Animal Bioscience
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Online Access:http://www.animbiosci.org/upload/pdf/ab-24-0767.pdf
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author Lan Zheng
Jung Yeol Sung
Sung Woo Kim
author_facet Lan Zheng
Jung Yeol Sung
Sung Woo Kim
author_sort Lan Zheng
collection DOAJ
description Objective The objective was to evaluate the effects of partially replacing soybean meal (SBM) in nursery pig diets with enzyme-treated soybean meal (ESBM), fermented soybean meal (FSBM), or fermented soybean meal containing probiotic microorganism (PFSBM) on jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota, immune responses, intestinal morphology, and growth performance of nursery pigs. Methods Forty-eight weaned pigs (initial body weight = 7.8 ± 0.7 kg) were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design and fed for 25 d in three phases (5, 10, and 12 d, respectively). Dietary treatments were corn-SBM-based diet (SBM diet) and the SBM diet in which 70 g/kg of SBM was replaced with ESBM (ESBM diet), FSBM (FSBM diet), or PFSBM (PFSBM diet). Zinc oxide was supplemented at 2.5 g/kg (2,000 mg/kg of zinc) in the experimental diets for phases 1 and 2. Pigs were housed individually in pens (1.50 m×0.74 m) equipped with a feeder and a nipple drinker. Serum was collected on d 24 and pigs were euthanized on d 27 to collect tissues and mucosa in the jejunum. Results The PFSBM diet increased (p<0.05) the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, whereas it tended to decrease (p = 0.072) the abundance of Pseudomonas compared with the SBM diet. The ESBM diet increased (p<0.05) gain to feed ratio from d 5 to 15 compared with the SBM diet. However, partially replacing SBM at 70 g/kg with ESBM, FSBM, or PFSBM did not affect immune responses in serum and jejunal mucosa, intestinal morphology in the jejunum, and overall growth performance of nursery pigs. Conclusion Partially replacing SBM with various processed SBM did not affect immune responses, intestinal morphology, and overall growth performance when diets were supplemented with zinc at pharmacological level in early phases.
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spelling doaj-art-9e7d21ebf6ff4869a1733c56526d2cd82025-08-20T03:15:51ZengAsian-Australasian Association of Animal Production SocietiesAnimal Bioscience2765-01892765-02352025-08-013881719173210.5713/ab.24.076725439Comparative effects of replacing soybean meal in feeds with processed soybean meal on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs when fed pharmacological level of zincLan Zheng0Jung Yeol Sung1Sung Woo Kim2 Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USAObjective The objective was to evaluate the effects of partially replacing soybean meal (SBM) in nursery pig diets with enzyme-treated soybean meal (ESBM), fermented soybean meal (FSBM), or fermented soybean meal containing probiotic microorganism (PFSBM) on jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota, immune responses, intestinal morphology, and growth performance of nursery pigs. Methods Forty-eight weaned pigs (initial body weight = 7.8 ± 0.7 kg) were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design and fed for 25 d in three phases (5, 10, and 12 d, respectively). Dietary treatments were corn-SBM-based diet (SBM diet) and the SBM diet in which 70 g/kg of SBM was replaced with ESBM (ESBM diet), FSBM (FSBM diet), or PFSBM (PFSBM diet). Zinc oxide was supplemented at 2.5 g/kg (2,000 mg/kg of zinc) in the experimental diets for phases 1 and 2. Pigs were housed individually in pens (1.50 m×0.74 m) equipped with a feeder and a nipple drinker. Serum was collected on d 24 and pigs were euthanized on d 27 to collect tissues and mucosa in the jejunum. Results The PFSBM diet increased (p<0.05) the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, whereas it tended to decrease (p = 0.072) the abundance of Pseudomonas compared with the SBM diet. The ESBM diet increased (p<0.05) gain to feed ratio from d 5 to 15 compared with the SBM diet. However, partially replacing SBM at 70 g/kg with ESBM, FSBM, or PFSBM did not affect immune responses in serum and jejunal mucosa, intestinal morphology in the jejunum, and overall growth performance of nursery pigs. Conclusion Partially replacing SBM with various processed SBM did not affect immune responses, intestinal morphology, and overall growth performance when diets were supplemented with zinc at pharmacological level in early phases.http://www.animbiosci.org/upload/pdf/ab-24-0767.pdfintestinal healthpigprocessed soybean mealzinc
spellingShingle Lan Zheng
Jung Yeol Sung
Sung Woo Kim
Comparative effects of replacing soybean meal in feeds with processed soybean meal on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs when fed pharmacological level of zinc
Animal Bioscience
intestinal health
pig
processed soybean meal
zinc
title Comparative effects of replacing soybean meal in feeds with processed soybean meal on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs when fed pharmacological level of zinc
title_full Comparative effects of replacing soybean meal in feeds with processed soybean meal on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs when fed pharmacological level of zinc
title_fullStr Comparative effects of replacing soybean meal in feeds with processed soybean meal on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs when fed pharmacological level of zinc
title_full_unstemmed Comparative effects of replacing soybean meal in feeds with processed soybean meal on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs when fed pharmacological level of zinc
title_short Comparative effects of replacing soybean meal in feeds with processed soybean meal on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs when fed pharmacological level of zinc
title_sort comparative effects of replacing soybean meal in feeds with processed soybean meal on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs when fed pharmacological level of zinc
topic intestinal health
pig
processed soybean meal
zinc
url http://www.animbiosci.org/upload/pdf/ab-24-0767.pdf
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AT jungyeolsung comparativeeffectsofreplacingsoybeanmealinfeedswithprocessedsoybeanmealonintestinalhealthandgrowthofnurserypigswhenfedpharmacologicallevelofzinc
AT sungwookim comparativeeffectsofreplacingsoybeanmealinfeedswithprocessedsoybeanmealonintestinalhealthandgrowthofnurserypigswhenfedpharmacologicallevelofzinc