Exploring the anticonvulsant potential of Daucus carota L.: A combined in silico and in vivo study for epilepsy therapy development

Background: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures that significantly impact quality of life. Current treatments rely on conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), which often present limitations such as inadequate efficacy, severe side effects, and the potential for d...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Naznin Sarkar, Anil Kumar Venkategowda Kodihally, Akshay Shamnewadi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667142525000399
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850222025767911424
author Naznin Sarkar
Anil Kumar Venkategowda Kodihally
Akshay Shamnewadi
author_facet Naznin Sarkar
Anil Kumar Venkategowda Kodihally
Akshay Shamnewadi
author_sort Naznin Sarkar
collection DOAJ
description Background: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures that significantly impact quality of life. Current treatments rely on conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), which often present limitations such as inadequate efficacy, severe side effects, and the potential for drug resistance. This underscores the need for alternative therapies. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of phytoconstituents from Daucus carota L. [the Chinese name: 胡萝卜, hú luó bo)] as a novel approach for epilepsy treatment. Methods: We adopted a comprehensive methodology integrating both in silico and in vivo approaches. Bioinformatic techniques, including gene set enrichment, network pharmacology using KEGG pathway analysis and Cytoscape tool and molecular docking using PyRx and Discovery studio tools, were employed. Additionally, LC‒MS analysis was performed to characterize the phytoconstituents present in the ethanolic extract. In vivo evaluations were conducted via the maximal electroshock (MES) model in Swiss albino mice to assess the anticonvulsant effects of the extract and combination therapy with phenobarbital sodium (PBT). Results: Molecular docking revealed significant binding affinities for apigenin (-6.7 kcal/mol) and luteolin (-6.6 kcal/mol) with GABRA1, suggesting their potential to enhance GABAergic signaling. LC‒MS analysis confirmed the presence of key bioactive compounds identified through in silico studies. The ethanolic extract yielded a substantial amount of bioactive compounds and demonstrated significant efficacy in the MES model by reducing seizure duration at a dose of 400 mg/kg (p < 0.01). Combination therapy with phenobarbital further enhanced the anticonvulsant effects, particularly in reducing extensor activity and clonus (p < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings suggest that phytoconstituents from Daucus carota L. possess significant therapeutic potential as adjunctive treatments for epilepsy through the modulation of GABAergic activity and calcium channel function. These results provide a compelling rationale for further preclinical and clinical investigations into the efficacy and safety of these natural compounds in the treatment of epilepsy.
format Article
id doaj-art-9e6bf6e0472744d0917e466ce9f5fcb1
institution OA Journals
issn 2667-1425
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine
spelling doaj-art-9e6bf6e0472744d0917e466ce9f5fcb12025-08-20T02:06:30ZengElsevierPharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine2667-14252025-06-011510061010.1016/j.prmcm.2025.100610Exploring the anticonvulsant potential of Daucus carota L.: A combined in silico and in vivo study for epilepsy therapy developmentNaznin Sarkar0Anil Kumar Venkategowda Kodihally1Akshay Shamnewadi2Visveswarapura Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560070, IndiaVisveswarapura Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560070, India; Corresponding author.KLE College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, IndiaBackground: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures that significantly impact quality of life. Current treatments rely on conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), which often present limitations such as inadequate efficacy, severe side effects, and the potential for drug resistance. This underscores the need for alternative therapies. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of phytoconstituents from Daucus carota L. [the Chinese name: 胡萝卜, hú luó bo)] as a novel approach for epilepsy treatment. Methods: We adopted a comprehensive methodology integrating both in silico and in vivo approaches. Bioinformatic techniques, including gene set enrichment, network pharmacology using KEGG pathway analysis and Cytoscape tool and molecular docking using PyRx and Discovery studio tools, were employed. Additionally, LC‒MS analysis was performed to characterize the phytoconstituents present in the ethanolic extract. In vivo evaluations were conducted via the maximal electroshock (MES) model in Swiss albino mice to assess the anticonvulsant effects of the extract and combination therapy with phenobarbital sodium (PBT). Results: Molecular docking revealed significant binding affinities for apigenin (-6.7 kcal/mol) and luteolin (-6.6 kcal/mol) with GABRA1, suggesting their potential to enhance GABAergic signaling. LC‒MS analysis confirmed the presence of key bioactive compounds identified through in silico studies. The ethanolic extract yielded a substantial amount of bioactive compounds and demonstrated significant efficacy in the MES model by reducing seizure duration at a dose of 400 mg/kg (p < 0.01). Combination therapy with phenobarbital further enhanced the anticonvulsant effects, particularly in reducing extensor activity and clonus (p < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings suggest that phytoconstituents from Daucus carota L. possess significant therapeutic potential as adjunctive treatments for epilepsy through the modulation of GABAergic activity and calcium channel function. These results provide a compelling rationale for further preclinical and clinical investigations into the efficacy and safety of these natural compounds in the treatment of epilepsy.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667142525000399AnticonvulsantGABRA1Maximal electroshock seizureMolecular dockingNetwork pharmacology
spellingShingle Naznin Sarkar
Anil Kumar Venkategowda Kodihally
Akshay Shamnewadi
Exploring the anticonvulsant potential of Daucus carota L.: A combined in silico and in vivo study for epilepsy therapy development
Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine
Anticonvulsant
GABRA1
Maximal electroshock seizure
Molecular docking
Network pharmacology
title Exploring the anticonvulsant potential of Daucus carota L.: A combined in silico and in vivo study for epilepsy therapy development
title_full Exploring the anticonvulsant potential of Daucus carota L.: A combined in silico and in vivo study for epilepsy therapy development
title_fullStr Exploring the anticonvulsant potential of Daucus carota L.: A combined in silico and in vivo study for epilepsy therapy development
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the anticonvulsant potential of Daucus carota L.: A combined in silico and in vivo study for epilepsy therapy development
title_short Exploring the anticonvulsant potential of Daucus carota L.: A combined in silico and in vivo study for epilepsy therapy development
title_sort exploring the anticonvulsant potential of daucus carota l a combined in silico and in vivo study for epilepsy therapy development
topic Anticonvulsant
GABRA1
Maximal electroshock seizure
Molecular docking
Network pharmacology
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667142525000399
work_keys_str_mv AT nazninsarkar exploringtheanticonvulsantpotentialofdaucuscarotalacombinedinsilicoandinvivostudyforepilepsytherapydevelopment
AT anilkumarvenkategowdakodihally exploringtheanticonvulsantpotentialofdaucuscarotalacombinedinsilicoandinvivostudyforepilepsytherapydevelopment
AT akshayshamnewadi exploringtheanticonvulsantpotentialofdaucuscarotalacombinedinsilicoandinvivostudyforepilepsytherapydevelopment