Humanized CXCL12 antibody delays onset and modulates immune response in alopecia areata mice: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing
It has been demonstrated that CXCL12 inhibits hair growth via CXCR4, and its neutralizing antibody (Ab) increases hair growth in alopecia areata (AA). However, the molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we further prepared humanized CXCL12 Ab for AA treatment and...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1444777/full |
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| author | Seungchan An Mei Zheng In Guk Park Sang Gyu Park Minsoo Noh Jong-Hyuk Sung |
| author_facet | Seungchan An Mei Zheng In Guk Park Sang Gyu Park Minsoo Noh Jong-Hyuk Sung |
| author_sort | Seungchan An |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It has been demonstrated that CXCL12 inhibits hair growth via CXCR4, and its neutralizing antibody (Ab) increases hair growth in alopecia areata (AA). However, the molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we further prepared humanized CXCL12 Ab for AA treatment and investigated underlying molecular mechanisms using single-cell RNA sequencing. Subcutaneous injection of humanized CXCL12 Ab significantly delayed AA onset in mice, and dorsal skin was analyzed. T cells and dendritic cells/macrophages were increased in the AA model, but decreased after CXCL12 Ab treatment. Pseudobulk RNA sequencing identified 153 differentially expressed genes that were upregulated in AA model and downregulated after Ab treatment. Gene ontology analysis revealed that immune cell chemotaxis and cellular response to type II interferon were upregulated in AA model but downregulated after Ab treatment. We further identified key immune cell-related genes such as Ifng, Cd8a, Ccr5, Ccl4, Ccl5, and Il21r, which were colocalized with Cxcr4 in T cells and regulated by CXCL12 Ab treatment. Notably, CD8+ T cells were significantly increased and activated via Jak/Stat pathway in the AA model but inactivated after CXCL12 Ab treatment. Collectively, these results indicate that humanized CXCL12 Ab is promising for AA treatment via immune modulatory effects. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9e5645b04b124fde84cf73effb22dc76 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-9e5645b04b124fde84cf73effb22dc762025-08-20T02:17:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242024-10-011510.3389/fimmu.2024.14447771444777Humanized CXCL12 antibody delays onset and modulates immune response in alopecia areata mice: insights from single-cell RNA sequencingSeungchan An0Mei Zheng1In Guk Park2Sang Gyu Park3Minsoo Noh4Jong-Hyuk Sung5College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaEpi Biotech Co., Ltd., R&D Center, Incheon, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaEpi Biotech Co., Ltd., R&D Center, Incheon, Republic of KoreaIt has been demonstrated that CXCL12 inhibits hair growth via CXCR4, and its neutralizing antibody (Ab) increases hair growth in alopecia areata (AA). However, the molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we further prepared humanized CXCL12 Ab for AA treatment and investigated underlying molecular mechanisms using single-cell RNA sequencing. Subcutaneous injection of humanized CXCL12 Ab significantly delayed AA onset in mice, and dorsal skin was analyzed. T cells and dendritic cells/macrophages were increased in the AA model, but decreased after CXCL12 Ab treatment. Pseudobulk RNA sequencing identified 153 differentially expressed genes that were upregulated in AA model and downregulated after Ab treatment. Gene ontology analysis revealed that immune cell chemotaxis and cellular response to type II interferon were upregulated in AA model but downregulated after Ab treatment. We further identified key immune cell-related genes such as Ifng, Cd8a, Ccr5, Ccl4, Ccl5, and Il21r, which were colocalized with Cxcr4 in T cells and regulated by CXCL12 Ab treatment. Notably, CD8+ T cells were significantly increased and activated via Jak/Stat pathway in the AA model but inactivated after CXCL12 Ab treatment. Collectively, these results indicate that humanized CXCL12 Ab is promising for AA treatment via immune modulatory effects.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1444777/fullCXCL12humanized antibodyalopecia areataCD8 + T cellinterferon-gamma |
| spellingShingle | Seungchan An Mei Zheng In Guk Park Sang Gyu Park Minsoo Noh Jong-Hyuk Sung Humanized CXCL12 antibody delays onset and modulates immune response in alopecia areata mice: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing Frontiers in Immunology CXCL12 humanized antibody alopecia areata CD8 + T cell interferon-gamma |
| title | Humanized CXCL12 antibody delays onset and modulates immune response in alopecia areata mice: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing |
| title_full | Humanized CXCL12 antibody delays onset and modulates immune response in alopecia areata mice: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing |
| title_fullStr | Humanized CXCL12 antibody delays onset and modulates immune response in alopecia areata mice: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Humanized CXCL12 antibody delays onset and modulates immune response in alopecia areata mice: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing |
| title_short | Humanized CXCL12 antibody delays onset and modulates immune response in alopecia areata mice: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing |
| title_sort | humanized cxcl12 antibody delays onset and modulates immune response in alopecia areata mice insights from single cell rna sequencing |
| topic | CXCL12 humanized antibody alopecia areata CD8 + T cell interferon-gamma |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1444777/full |
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