QuantiFERON<sup>®</sup> Monitor Test as a Potential Tool for Stratifying Patients by Infection Risk and Tailoring Follow-Up Care in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Retrospective Experience

Background: Lung transplantation is a life-saving option for patients with end-stage respiratory diseases, but risk of infections remains critical for ensuring long-term organ function. This study aimed to assess immune recovery in lung transplant recipients by measuring IFN-γ levels using the Quant...

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Main Authors: Paolo Solidoro, Antonio Curtoni, Filippo Patrucco, Eleonora Russo, Francesca Sidoti, Giorgia Piccinini, Alessandro Bondi, Paolo Valesella, Mattia Genco, Massimo Boffini, Rocco Francesco Rinaldo, Cristina Costa
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Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Microorganisms
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/2/316
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author Paolo Solidoro
Antonio Curtoni
Filippo Patrucco
Eleonora Russo
Francesca Sidoti
Giorgia Piccinini
Alessandro Bondi
Paolo Valesella
Mattia Genco
Massimo Boffini
Rocco Francesco Rinaldo
Cristina Costa
author_facet Paolo Solidoro
Antonio Curtoni
Filippo Patrucco
Eleonora Russo
Francesca Sidoti
Giorgia Piccinini
Alessandro Bondi
Paolo Valesella
Mattia Genco
Massimo Boffini
Rocco Francesco Rinaldo
Cristina Costa
author_sort Paolo Solidoro
collection DOAJ
description Background: Lung transplantation is a life-saving option for patients with end-stage respiratory diseases, but risk of infections remains critical for ensuring long-term organ function. This study aimed to assess immune recovery in lung transplant recipients by measuring IFN-γ levels using the QuantiFERON Monitor Test (QFM). Results were correlated with episodes of infection and organ rejection to explore the assay’s predictive potential. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 15 lung transplant recipients at the Lung Transplant Centre of Turin (Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Italy) between December 2019 and January 2023. Patients were divided into a High Infection (HI) group (with >3 infections) and Low Infection (LI) group (with ≤3 infections). QFM assays were performed after 18 months post-transplant. Results: HI patients had lower QFM levels compared to LI (68.84 ± 21.98 vs. 380.54 ± 104.64 UI/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.033). A QFM value <89.5 UI/mL was associated with increased infection risk (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Patients with lower QFM levels also exhibited higher rates of MRSA bacteremia during hospitalization (50% HI vs. 0% LI, <i>p</i> = 0.04). No differences were observed in acute or chronic rejection rates, but LI patients showed more frequent alveolar neutrophilia at the fourth month post-transplant (0% HI vs. 55.5% LI, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Conclusion: lower QFM values were associated with higher infection risk, highlighting the assay’s potential for immune monitoring. In this study, a QFM value of 89.5 UI/mL showed good predictive accuracy for infections beyond 18 months. Further studies are needed to refine QFM’s role in post-transplant care.
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spelling doaj-art-9e265436161b4a63998bb7d7bb0e669b2025-08-20T02:45:00ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-02-0113231610.3390/microorganisms13020316QuantiFERON<sup>®</sup> Monitor Test as a Potential Tool for Stratifying Patients by Infection Risk and Tailoring Follow-Up Care in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Retrospective ExperiencePaolo Solidoro0Antonio Curtoni1Filippo Patrucco2Eleonora Russo3Francesca Sidoti4Giorgia Piccinini5Alessandro Bondi6Paolo Valesella7Mattia Genco8Massimo Boffini9Rocco Francesco Rinaldo10Cristina Costa11Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Division of Respiratory Medicine, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, ItalyMicrobiology and Virology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, ItalyRespiratory Diseases Unit, Medical Department, AOU Maggiore della Carità di Novara, 28100 Novara, ItalyCardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Division of Respiratory Medicine, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, ItalyMicrobiology and Virology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, ItalyMicrobiology and Virology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, ItalyMicrobiology and Virology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, ItalyCardiac Surgery Division, Surgical Sciences Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, ItalyCardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Division of Respiratory Medicine, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, ItalyMicrobiology and Virology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, ItalyBackground: Lung transplantation is a life-saving option for patients with end-stage respiratory diseases, but risk of infections remains critical for ensuring long-term organ function. This study aimed to assess immune recovery in lung transplant recipients by measuring IFN-γ levels using the QuantiFERON Monitor Test (QFM). Results were correlated with episodes of infection and organ rejection to explore the assay’s predictive potential. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 15 lung transplant recipients at the Lung Transplant Centre of Turin (Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Italy) between December 2019 and January 2023. Patients were divided into a High Infection (HI) group (with >3 infections) and Low Infection (LI) group (with ≤3 infections). QFM assays were performed after 18 months post-transplant. Results: HI patients had lower QFM levels compared to LI (68.84 ± 21.98 vs. 380.54 ± 104.64 UI/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.033). A QFM value <89.5 UI/mL was associated with increased infection risk (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Patients with lower QFM levels also exhibited higher rates of MRSA bacteremia during hospitalization (50% HI vs. 0% LI, <i>p</i> = 0.04). No differences were observed in acute or chronic rejection rates, but LI patients showed more frequent alveolar neutrophilia at the fourth month post-transplant (0% HI vs. 55.5% LI, <i>p</i> = 0.04). Conclusion: lower QFM values were associated with higher infection risk, highlighting the assay’s potential for immune monitoring. In this study, a QFM value of 89.5 UI/mL showed good predictive accuracy for infections beyond 18 months. Further studies are needed to refine QFM’s role in post-transplant care.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/2/316QuantiFERON Monitor Testlung transplantationimmunosuppression
spellingShingle Paolo Solidoro
Antonio Curtoni
Filippo Patrucco
Eleonora Russo
Francesca Sidoti
Giorgia Piccinini
Alessandro Bondi
Paolo Valesella
Mattia Genco
Massimo Boffini
Rocco Francesco Rinaldo
Cristina Costa
QuantiFERON<sup>®</sup> Monitor Test as a Potential Tool for Stratifying Patients by Infection Risk and Tailoring Follow-Up Care in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Retrospective Experience
Microorganisms
QuantiFERON Monitor Test
lung transplantation
immunosuppression
title QuantiFERON<sup>®</sup> Monitor Test as a Potential Tool for Stratifying Patients by Infection Risk and Tailoring Follow-Up Care in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Retrospective Experience
title_full QuantiFERON<sup>®</sup> Monitor Test as a Potential Tool for Stratifying Patients by Infection Risk and Tailoring Follow-Up Care in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Retrospective Experience
title_fullStr QuantiFERON<sup>®</sup> Monitor Test as a Potential Tool for Stratifying Patients by Infection Risk and Tailoring Follow-Up Care in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Retrospective Experience
title_full_unstemmed QuantiFERON<sup>®</sup> Monitor Test as a Potential Tool for Stratifying Patients by Infection Risk and Tailoring Follow-Up Care in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Retrospective Experience
title_short QuantiFERON<sup>®</sup> Monitor Test as a Potential Tool for Stratifying Patients by Infection Risk and Tailoring Follow-Up Care in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Retrospective Experience
title_sort quantiferon sup r sup monitor test as a potential tool for stratifying patients by infection risk and tailoring follow up care in lung transplant recipients a single center retrospective experience
topic QuantiFERON Monitor Test
lung transplantation
immunosuppression
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/2/316
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