Association of leisure-time physical activity and sleep quality among healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Growing evidence suggests that insufficient physical activity is a risk factor for poor sleep quality. However, few studies have investigated their relationship in healthcare workers. This study aims to fill this research gap by assessing the association between leisure-time phys...

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Main Authors: Yuge Yan, Yuqi Yang, Yan Li, Jing Guo, Ping Zhu, Buweimairiyemu Tuoheti, Lu Chen, Jie Gu, Jiaoling Huang, Jie Shen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-06-01
Series:BMC Public Health
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23226-w
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author Yuge Yan
Yuqi Yang
Yan Li
Jing Guo
Ping Zhu
Buweimairiyemu Tuoheti
Lu Chen
Jie Gu
Jiaoling Huang
Jie Shen
author_facet Yuge Yan
Yuqi Yang
Yan Li
Jing Guo
Ping Zhu
Buweimairiyemu Tuoheti
Lu Chen
Jie Gu
Jiaoling Huang
Jie Shen
author_sort Yuge Yan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Growing evidence suggests that insufficient physical activity is a risk factor for poor sleep quality. However, few studies have investigated their relationship in healthcare workers. This study aims to fill this research gap by assessing the association between leisure-time physical activity and sleep quality among healthcare workers in China. Methods Our data came from a cross-sectional study conducted from October to December 2022. Using stratified random sampling, we collected behavioral and health data from 2,896 healthcare workers in Shanghai. We applied multiple linear and logistic regressions to assess the association between leisure-time physical activity and sleep quality measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), controlling for confounders. Results Among the 2,896 participants included in the analytical sample, the prevalence of sleep disturbance was 62.88% and the average PSQI score was 6.94 (SD = 3.45). Sleep disturbance was associated with nurses and other occupations, chronic diseases, stress, and increased workload. Leisure-time physical activity (OR = 0.770 (0.651, 0.911), p = 0.002) was a significant protective factor of sleep disturbance. Conclusions Leisure-time physical activity may be a protective factor for sleep quality among healthcare workers in China. Actionable policies and interventions, such as paid time off and subsidized gym membership, should be invested to increase physical activity among Chinese healthcare workers and, ultimately, improve their sleep quality and overall health.
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spelling doaj-art-9dc6bb876f8441bbacfb552d7edf169d2025-08-20T02:31:09ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-06-012511910.1186/s12889-025-23226-wAssociation of leisure-time physical activity and sleep quality among healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional studyYuge Yan0Yuqi Yang1Yan Li2Jing Guo3Ping Zhu4Buweimairiyemu Tuoheti5Lu Chen6Jie Gu7Jiaoling Huang8Jie Shen9School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan UniversitySchool of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan UniversitySchool of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineSchool of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineMedical Records and Statistics Office, Shanghai Sixth People’s HospitalZhongshan Hospital International Medical CenterSchool of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineMedical Records and Statistics Office, Shanghai Sixth People’s HospitalAbstract Background Growing evidence suggests that insufficient physical activity is a risk factor for poor sleep quality. However, few studies have investigated their relationship in healthcare workers. This study aims to fill this research gap by assessing the association between leisure-time physical activity and sleep quality among healthcare workers in China. Methods Our data came from a cross-sectional study conducted from October to December 2022. Using stratified random sampling, we collected behavioral and health data from 2,896 healthcare workers in Shanghai. We applied multiple linear and logistic regressions to assess the association between leisure-time physical activity and sleep quality measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), controlling for confounders. Results Among the 2,896 participants included in the analytical sample, the prevalence of sleep disturbance was 62.88% and the average PSQI score was 6.94 (SD = 3.45). Sleep disturbance was associated with nurses and other occupations, chronic diseases, stress, and increased workload. Leisure-time physical activity (OR = 0.770 (0.651, 0.911), p = 0.002) was a significant protective factor of sleep disturbance. Conclusions Leisure-time physical activity may be a protective factor for sleep quality among healthcare workers in China. Actionable policies and interventions, such as paid time off and subsidized gym membership, should be invested to increase physical activity among Chinese healthcare workers and, ultimately, improve their sleep quality and overall health.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23226-wPhysical activitySleep qualityHealthcare workerChinaCross-sectional study
spellingShingle Yuge Yan
Yuqi Yang
Yan Li
Jing Guo
Ping Zhu
Buweimairiyemu Tuoheti
Lu Chen
Jie Gu
Jiaoling Huang
Jie Shen
Association of leisure-time physical activity and sleep quality among healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional study
BMC Public Health
Physical activity
Sleep quality
Healthcare worker
China
Cross-sectional study
title Association of leisure-time physical activity and sleep quality among healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional study
title_full Association of leisure-time physical activity and sleep quality among healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Association of leisure-time physical activity and sleep quality among healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Association of leisure-time physical activity and sleep quality among healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional study
title_short Association of leisure-time physical activity and sleep quality among healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional study
title_sort association of leisure time physical activity and sleep quality among healthcare workers in china a cross sectional study
topic Physical activity
Sleep quality
Healthcare worker
China
Cross-sectional study
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23226-w
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