Evaluating the Technical Efficiency of Dairy Farms Under Technological Heterogeneity: Evidence from Lithuania

The European Union’s (EU) Common Agricultural Policy aims to promote sustainable farming practices that ensure the responsible use of natural resources, safeguard biodiversity, and uphold higher animal welfare standards. One pathway to achieving these objectives is through the encouragement of exten...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rūta Savickienė, Virginia Namiotko, Aistė Galnaitytė
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Agriculture
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/14/1469
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849304034624667648
author Rūta Savickienė
Virginia Namiotko
Aistė Galnaitytė
author_facet Rūta Savickienė
Virginia Namiotko
Aistė Galnaitytė
author_sort Rūta Savickienė
collection DOAJ
description The European Union’s (EU) Common Agricultural Policy aims to promote sustainable farming practices that ensure the responsible use of natural resources, safeguard biodiversity, and uphold higher animal welfare standards. One pathway to achieving these objectives is through the encouragement of extensive farming. However, the dairy sector in EU countries as well as in Lithuania has shown a clear trend toward intensification. The aim of this study was to assess the technical efficiency (TE) of dairy farms employing extensive and intensive technologies. TE was evaluated using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) combined with meta-frontier analysis, which accounts for technological heterogeneity. Prior to the efficiency estimation, farms were grouped into two distinct categories—intensive and extensive—using the k-means clustering algorithm. The empirical results show that extensive dairy farms in Lithuania are smaller in land area and livestock units, rely more on internal resources, and exhibit lower productivity compared to intensive farms. Intensive farms achieved higher technical efficiency, narrower technological gaps, and more optimal scale efficiency, indicating superior resource management. The weaker performance of extensive farms is attributed to both less advanced technologies and production inefficiencies.
format Article
id doaj-art-9dabed1df34c4fddb39698cc712885e0
institution Kabale University
issn 2077-0472
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Agriculture
spelling doaj-art-9dabed1df34c4fddb39698cc712885e02025-08-20T03:55:49ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722025-07-011514146910.3390/agriculture15141469Evaluating the Technical Efficiency of Dairy Farms Under Technological Heterogeneity: Evidence from LithuaniaRūta Savickienė0Virginia Namiotko1Aistė Galnaitytė2Institute of Economics and Rural Development, Lithuanian Centre for Social Sciences, A. Vivulskio Str. 4A-13, LT 03220 Vilnius, LithuaniaInstitute of Economics and Rural Development, Lithuanian Centre for Social Sciences, A. Vivulskio Str. 4A-13, LT 03220 Vilnius, LithuaniaInstitute of Economics and Rural Development, Lithuanian Centre for Social Sciences, A. Vivulskio Str. 4A-13, LT 03220 Vilnius, LithuaniaThe European Union’s (EU) Common Agricultural Policy aims to promote sustainable farming practices that ensure the responsible use of natural resources, safeguard biodiversity, and uphold higher animal welfare standards. One pathway to achieving these objectives is through the encouragement of extensive farming. However, the dairy sector in EU countries as well as in Lithuania has shown a clear trend toward intensification. The aim of this study was to assess the technical efficiency (TE) of dairy farms employing extensive and intensive technologies. TE was evaluated using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) combined with meta-frontier analysis, which accounts for technological heterogeneity. Prior to the efficiency estimation, farms were grouped into two distinct categories—intensive and extensive—using the k-means clustering algorithm. The empirical results show that extensive dairy farms in Lithuania are smaller in land area and livestock units, rely more on internal resources, and exhibit lower productivity compared to intensive farms. Intensive farms achieved higher technical efficiency, narrower technological gaps, and more optimal scale efficiency, indicating superior resource management. The weaker performance of extensive farms is attributed to both less advanced technologies and production inefficiencies.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/14/1469dairy farmstechnical efficiencydata envelopment analysisheterogeneity
spellingShingle Rūta Savickienė
Virginia Namiotko
Aistė Galnaitytė
Evaluating the Technical Efficiency of Dairy Farms Under Technological Heterogeneity: Evidence from Lithuania
Agriculture
dairy farms
technical efficiency
data envelopment analysis
heterogeneity
title Evaluating the Technical Efficiency of Dairy Farms Under Technological Heterogeneity: Evidence from Lithuania
title_full Evaluating the Technical Efficiency of Dairy Farms Under Technological Heterogeneity: Evidence from Lithuania
title_fullStr Evaluating the Technical Efficiency of Dairy Farms Under Technological Heterogeneity: Evidence from Lithuania
title_full_unstemmed Evaluating the Technical Efficiency of Dairy Farms Under Technological Heterogeneity: Evidence from Lithuania
title_short Evaluating the Technical Efficiency of Dairy Farms Under Technological Heterogeneity: Evidence from Lithuania
title_sort evaluating the technical efficiency of dairy farms under technological heterogeneity evidence from lithuania
topic dairy farms
technical efficiency
data envelopment analysis
heterogeneity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/14/1469
work_keys_str_mv AT rutasavickiene evaluatingthetechnicalefficiencyofdairyfarmsundertechnologicalheterogeneityevidencefromlithuania
AT virginianamiotko evaluatingthetechnicalefficiencyofdairyfarmsundertechnologicalheterogeneityevidencefromlithuania
AT aistegalnaityte evaluatingthetechnicalefficiencyofdairyfarmsundertechnologicalheterogeneityevidencefromlithuania