Ion Transport Modulators Differentially Modulate Inflammatory Responses in THP-1-Derived Macrophages
Ion transport modulators are most commonly used to treat various noncommunicable diseases including diabetes and hypertension. They are also known to bind to receptors on various immune cells, but the immunomodulatory properties of most ion transport modulators have not been fully elucidated. We ass...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8832586 |
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| author | Steven C. Mitini-Nkhoma Narmada Fernando G. K. D. Ishaka Shiroma M. Handunnetti Sisira L. Pathirana |
| author_facet | Steven C. Mitini-Nkhoma Narmada Fernando G. K. D. Ishaka Shiroma M. Handunnetti Sisira L. Pathirana |
| author_sort | Steven C. Mitini-Nkhoma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ion transport modulators are most commonly used to treat various noncommunicable diseases including diabetes and hypertension. They are also known to bind to receptors on various immune cells, but the immunomodulatory properties of most ion transport modulators have not been fully elucidated. We assessed the effects of thirteen FDA-approved ion transport modulators, namely, ambroxol HCl, amiloride HCl, diazoxide, digoxin, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, metformin, omeprazole, pantoprazole, phenytoin, verapamil, drug X, and drug Y on superoxide production, nitric oxide production, and cytokine expression by THP-1-derived macrophages that had been stimulated with ethanol-inactivated Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Ambroxol HCl, diazoxide, digoxin, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, metformin, pantoprazole, phenytoin, verapamil, and drug Y had an inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production, while all the test drugs had an inhibitory effect on superoxide production. Amiloride HCl, diazoxide, digoxin, furosemide, phenytoin, verapamil, drug X, and drug Y enhanced the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α. Unlike most immunomodulatory compounds currently in clinical use, most of the test drugs inhibited some inflammatory processes while promoting others. Ion pumps and ion channels could therefore serve as targets for more selective immunomodulatory agents which do not cause overt immunosuppression. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9d9d715dbe434b72b282d4da2bdddb72 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-9d9d715dbe434b72b282d4da2bdddb722025-08-20T03:38:19ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562021-01-01202110.1155/2021/88325868832586Ion Transport Modulators Differentially Modulate Inflammatory Responses in THP-1-Derived MacrophagesSteven C. Mitini-Nkhoma0Narmada Fernando1G. K. D. Ishaka2Shiroma M. Handunnetti3Sisira L. Pathirana4Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, No. 90, Cumaratunga Munidasa Mawatha, Colombo 3, Sri LankaInstitute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, No. 90, Cumaratunga Munidasa Mawatha, Colombo 3, Sri LankaInstitute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, No. 90, Cumaratunga Munidasa Mawatha, Colombo 3, Sri LankaInstitute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, No. 90, Cumaratunga Munidasa Mawatha, Colombo 3, Sri LankaInstitute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, No. 90, Cumaratunga Munidasa Mawatha, Colombo 3, Sri LankaIon transport modulators are most commonly used to treat various noncommunicable diseases including diabetes and hypertension. They are also known to bind to receptors on various immune cells, but the immunomodulatory properties of most ion transport modulators have not been fully elucidated. We assessed the effects of thirteen FDA-approved ion transport modulators, namely, ambroxol HCl, amiloride HCl, diazoxide, digoxin, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, metformin, omeprazole, pantoprazole, phenytoin, verapamil, drug X, and drug Y on superoxide production, nitric oxide production, and cytokine expression by THP-1-derived macrophages that had been stimulated with ethanol-inactivated Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Ambroxol HCl, diazoxide, digoxin, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, metformin, pantoprazole, phenytoin, verapamil, and drug Y had an inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production, while all the test drugs had an inhibitory effect on superoxide production. Amiloride HCl, diazoxide, digoxin, furosemide, phenytoin, verapamil, drug X, and drug Y enhanced the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α. Unlike most immunomodulatory compounds currently in clinical use, most of the test drugs inhibited some inflammatory processes while promoting others. Ion pumps and ion channels could therefore serve as targets for more selective immunomodulatory agents which do not cause overt immunosuppression.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8832586 |
| spellingShingle | Steven C. Mitini-Nkhoma Narmada Fernando G. K. D. Ishaka Shiroma M. Handunnetti Sisira L. Pathirana Ion Transport Modulators Differentially Modulate Inflammatory Responses in THP-1-Derived Macrophages Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Ion Transport Modulators Differentially Modulate Inflammatory Responses in THP-1-Derived Macrophages |
| title_full | Ion Transport Modulators Differentially Modulate Inflammatory Responses in THP-1-Derived Macrophages |
| title_fullStr | Ion Transport Modulators Differentially Modulate Inflammatory Responses in THP-1-Derived Macrophages |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ion Transport Modulators Differentially Modulate Inflammatory Responses in THP-1-Derived Macrophages |
| title_short | Ion Transport Modulators Differentially Modulate Inflammatory Responses in THP-1-Derived Macrophages |
| title_sort | ion transport modulators differentially modulate inflammatory responses in thp 1 derived macrophages |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8832586 |
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