Impacts of Legacy and Contemporary Nitrogen Inputs on N2O and CO2 Emissions in Miscanthus and Maize Cultivated Soils
ABSTRACT Nutrient inputs influence the sustainability of bioenergy crop production through contemporary (shortly after addition) and legacy effects (persisting over years) on microbial nitrogen (N) and carbon cycling, which contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. However, the relative importance of...
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Wiley
2025-02-01
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| Series: | GCB Bioenergy |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70018 |
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| author | Jaejin Lee Paul Villanueva Kate Glanville Andy Vanloocke Wendy H. Yang Angela Kent Marshall McDaniel Steven J. Hall Adina Howe |
| author_facet | Jaejin Lee Paul Villanueva Kate Glanville Andy Vanloocke Wendy H. Yang Angela Kent Marshall McDaniel Steven J. Hall Adina Howe |
| author_sort | Jaejin Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Nutrient inputs influence the sustainability of bioenergy crop production through contemporary (shortly after addition) and legacy effects (persisting over years) on microbial nitrogen (N) and carbon cycling, which contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. However, the relative importance of contemporary and legacy effects and how that could vary by crop functional types is poorly understood. Considering its rhizomatous roots and perennial growth, we hypothesized that Miscanthus × giganteus (M×g) would be more sensitive to legacy N fertilization and the historical context of its environment than an annual crop like maize. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effects of legacy and contemporary N inputs on nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, as well as key N cycling genes in soils where M×g and maize were grown. A 150‐day soil incubation experiment was conducted using soils from a long‐term M×g and maize fertility experiment with three historic N fertilization rates (0, 112, and 336 kg N ha−1 year−1) and a contemporary amendment (60 mg N kg−1) with negative control (0 mg N kg−1). We observed significant increases in cumulative N2O emissions in Mxg soils relative to maize soils, particularly at higher legacy fertilization rates, while contemporary N had no significant effect. Bacterial amoA gene abundance, which plays a significant role in nitrification in nutrient‐rich soils, also increased with higher legacy fertilization rates in M×g soils but was unaffected by the contemporary N. In maize soils, legacy and contemporary N did not significantly affect N2O emissions, but cumulative CO2 emissions and amoA gene abundance significantly increased. The abundances of norB genes were not significantly influenced by either legacy fertilization or contemporary N amendments in either soil. Our findings demonstrate the greater importance of fertilization history over contemporary N in mediating soil N2O emissions, particularly for perennial bioenergy crops. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1757-1693 1757-1707 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | GCB Bioenergy |
| spelling | doaj-art-9d87a102e7f842e88a51fe5a4afc145e2025-01-30T16:06:35ZengWileyGCB Bioenergy1757-16931757-17072025-02-01172n/an/a10.1111/gcbb.70018Impacts of Legacy and Contemporary Nitrogen Inputs on N2O and CO2 Emissions in Miscanthus and Maize Cultivated SoilsJaejin Lee0Paul Villanueva1Kate Glanville2Andy Vanloocke3Wendy H. Yang4Angela Kent5Marshall McDaniel6Steven J. Hall7Adina Howe8Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Iowa State University Ames Iowa USADepartment of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Iowa State University Ames Iowa USADOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USADOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USADOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USADOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USADOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USADepartment of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USADepartment of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Iowa State University Ames Iowa USAABSTRACT Nutrient inputs influence the sustainability of bioenergy crop production through contemporary (shortly after addition) and legacy effects (persisting over years) on microbial nitrogen (N) and carbon cycling, which contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. However, the relative importance of contemporary and legacy effects and how that could vary by crop functional types is poorly understood. Considering its rhizomatous roots and perennial growth, we hypothesized that Miscanthus × giganteus (M×g) would be more sensitive to legacy N fertilization and the historical context of its environment than an annual crop like maize. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effects of legacy and contemporary N inputs on nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, as well as key N cycling genes in soils where M×g and maize were grown. A 150‐day soil incubation experiment was conducted using soils from a long‐term M×g and maize fertility experiment with three historic N fertilization rates (0, 112, and 336 kg N ha−1 year−1) and a contemporary amendment (60 mg N kg−1) with negative control (0 mg N kg−1). We observed significant increases in cumulative N2O emissions in Mxg soils relative to maize soils, particularly at higher legacy fertilization rates, while contemporary N had no significant effect. Bacterial amoA gene abundance, which plays a significant role in nitrification in nutrient‐rich soils, also increased with higher legacy fertilization rates in M×g soils but was unaffected by the contemporary N. In maize soils, legacy and contemporary N did not significantly affect N2O emissions, but cumulative CO2 emissions and amoA gene abundance significantly increased. The abundances of norB genes were not significantly influenced by either legacy fertilization or contemporary N amendments in either soil. Our findings demonstrate the greater importance of fertilization history over contemporary N in mediating soil N2O emissions, particularly for perennial bioenergy crops.https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70018legacy nitrogen fertilizationmaizeMiscanthus × giganteusnitrogen‐cycling genesnitrous oxidesoil |
| spellingShingle | Jaejin Lee Paul Villanueva Kate Glanville Andy Vanloocke Wendy H. Yang Angela Kent Marshall McDaniel Steven J. Hall Adina Howe Impacts of Legacy and Contemporary Nitrogen Inputs on N2O and CO2 Emissions in Miscanthus and Maize Cultivated Soils GCB Bioenergy legacy nitrogen fertilization maize Miscanthus × giganteus nitrogen‐cycling genes nitrous oxide soil |
| title | Impacts of Legacy and Contemporary Nitrogen Inputs on N2O and CO2 Emissions in Miscanthus and Maize Cultivated Soils |
| title_full | Impacts of Legacy and Contemporary Nitrogen Inputs on N2O and CO2 Emissions in Miscanthus and Maize Cultivated Soils |
| title_fullStr | Impacts of Legacy and Contemporary Nitrogen Inputs on N2O and CO2 Emissions in Miscanthus and Maize Cultivated Soils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impacts of Legacy and Contemporary Nitrogen Inputs on N2O and CO2 Emissions in Miscanthus and Maize Cultivated Soils |
| title_short | Impacts of Legacy and Contemporary Nitrogen Inputs on N2O and CO2 Emissions in Miscanthus and Maize Cultivated Soils |
| title_sort | impacts of legacy and contemporary nitrogen inputs on n2o and co2 emissions in miscanthus and maize cultivated soils |
| topic | legacy nitrogen fertilization maize Miscanthus × giganteus nitrogen‐cycling genes nitrous oxide soil |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.70018 |
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