Self-healing behaviour of lignin-containing epoxidized natural rubber compounds
Epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) is a relatively new raw material that can be used in many applications, such as rubber-based adhesives, self-crosslinking, and compatibilization of rubber and filler matrices in favor of reactive epoxy groups. However, as almost all types of polymeric materials do, EN...
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Budapest University of Technology and Economics
2023-07-01
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| Series: | eXPRESS Polymer Letters |
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| Online Access: | http://www.expresspolymlett.com/letolt.php?file=EPL-0012369&mi=cd |
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| author | Bedriye Nur Yeşil Tuba Ünügül Bağdagül Karaağaç |
| author_facet | Bedriye Nur Yeşil Tuba Ünügül Bağdagül Karaağaç |
| author_sort | Bedriye Nur Yeşil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) is a relatively new raw material that can be used in many applications, such as rubber-based adhesives, self-crosslinking, and compatibilization of rubber and filler matrices in favor of reactive epoxy groups. However, as almost all types of polymeric materials do, ENR is exposed to mechanical, chemical, and thermo-oxidative degradation during service life, resulting in micro- and macro-cracks in the material body as well as on the surface. The self-healing approach is considered a good solution to provide longer service life by instantaneous repairing these cracks by means of internal and external stimulants. In literature, most attempts at self-healing of ENR focus on irreversible covalent bond based systems. In this study, lignin and a common anti-reversion agent 1,3-bis(citraconimido-methyl) benzene (CIMB) have been evaluated for carrying out self-healing through reversible covalent bonds via Diels-Alder interaction between ENR and CIMB. In addition, lignin could significantly improve self-healing by promoting an epoxy ring-opening reaction on the ENR backbone. The best healing conditions were selected as 180 °C and 15 minutes, and 83% self-healing was achieved by incorporating 6 phr lignin and 15 phr CIMB into the reference compound. Satisfactory self-healing performance has been attributed to the synergistic effect of lignin and CIMB. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9d69305f73624465b74bc53ec9fb914b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1788-618X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Budapest University of Technology and Economics |
| record_format | Article |
| series | eXPRESS Polymer Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-9d69305f73624465b74bc53ec9fb914b2025-08-20T03:34:53ZengBudapest University of Technology and EconomicseXPRESS Polymer Letters1788-618X2023-07-0117770472110.3144/expresspolymlett.2023.53Self-healing behaviour of lignin-containing epoxidized natural rubber compoundsBedriye Nur YeşilTuba ÜnügülBağdagül KaraağaçEpoxidized natural rubber (ENR) is a relatively new raw material that can be used in many applications, such as rubber-based adhesives, self-crosslinking, and compatibilization of rubber and filler matrices in favor of reactive epoxy groups. However, as almost all types of polymeric materials do, ENR is exposed to mechanical, chemical, and thermo-oxidative degradation during service life, resulting in micro- and macro-cracks in the material body as well as on the surface. The self-healing approach is considered a good solution to provide longer service life by instantaneous repairing these cracks by means of internal and external stimulants. In literature, most attempts at self-healing of ENR focus on irreversible covalent bond based systems. In this study, lignin and a common anti-reversion agent 1,3-bis(citraconimido-methyl) benzene (CIMB) have been evaluated for carrying out self-healing through reversible covalent bonds via Diels-Alder interaction between ENR and CIMB. In addition, lignin could significantly improve self-healing by promoting an epoxy ring-opening reaction on the ENR backbone. The best healing conditions were selected as 180 °C and 15 minutes, and 83% self-healing was achieved by incorporating 6 phr lignin and 15 phr CIMB into the reference compound. Satisfactory self-healing performance has been attributed to the synergistic effect of lignin and CIMB.http://www.expresspolymlett.com/letolt.php?file=EPL-0012369&mi=cdself-healingligninmechanical propertiesmaterial testingrubber |
| spellingShingle | Bedriye Nur Yeşil Tuba Ünügül Bağdagül Karaağaç Self-healing behaviour of lignin-containing epoxidized natural rubber compounds eXPRESS Polymer Letters self-healing lignin mechanical properties material testing rubber |
| title | Self-healing behaviour of lignin-containing epoxidized natural rubber compounds |
| title_full | Self-healing behaviour of lignin-containing epoxidized natural rubber compounds |
| title_fullStr | Self-healing behaviour of lignin-containing epoxidized natural rubber compounds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Self-healing behaviour of lignin-containing epoxidized natural rubber compounds |
| title_short | Self-healing behaviour of lignin-containing epoxidized natural rubber compounds |
| title_sort | self healing behaviour of lignin containing epoxidized natural rubber compounds |
| topic | self-healing lignin mechanical properties material testing rubber |
| url | http://www.expresspolymlett.com/letolt.php?file=EPL-0012369&mi=cd |
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