Sintering and Electrical Conductivity of Medium- and High-Entropy Calcium-Doped Four B-Site Cation Perovskite Materials
La<sub>1−x</sub>Ca<sub>x</sub>(Co<sub>0.25</sub>Cr<sub>0.25</sub>Fe<sub>0.25</sub>Ni<sub>0.25</sub>)O<sub>3−δ</sub> perovskite powders were prepared via a sol-gel process. The A-site was doped with calcium, while fou...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| author | Geoffrey Swift Sai Ram Gajjala Rasit Koc |
| author_facet | Geoffrey Swift Sai Ram Gajjala Rasit Koc |
| author_sort | Geoffrey Swift |
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| description | La<sub>1−x</sub>Ca<sub>x</sub>(Co<sub>0.25</sub>Cr<sub>0.25</sub>Fe<sub>0.25</sub>Ni<sub>0.25</sub>)O<sub>3−δ</sub> perovskite powders were prepared via a sol-gel process. The A-site was doped with calcium, while four elements—cobalt, chromium, iron, and nickel—in equiatomic amounts made up the B-site. The configurational entropy was calculated to increase with the addition of calcium from medium to high entropy. The synthesized powders were heated to 1400 °C in air for 2 h to sinter them. The effect of doping on the resulting sintered materials was observed via density measurements and electron microscopy. The electrical conductivity was measured in air as a function of temperature to 900 °C. Conductivity versus composition indicates that an increase in entropy has a marked effect on electrical conductivity, leading to two distinct relationships with temperature. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9d5465b356484ecab5d13ec2b7994c0b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj-art-9d5465b356484ecab5d13ec2b7994c0b2025-08-20T03:27:14ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522025-05-0115652410.3390/cryst15060524Sintering and Electrical Conductivity of Medium- and High-Entropy Calcium-Doped Four B-Site Cation Perovskite MaterialsGeoffrey Swift0Sai Ram Gajjala1Rasit Koc2School of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Materials Engineering, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USASchool of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Materials Engineering, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USASchool of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Materials Engineering, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USALa<sub>1−x</sub>Ca<sub>x</sub>(Co<sub>0.25</sub>Cr<sub>0.25</sub>Fe<sub>0.25</sub>Ni<sub>0.25</sub>)O<sub>3−δ</sub> perovskite powders were prepared via a sol-gel process. The A-site was doped with calcium, while four elements—cobalt, chromium, iron, and nickel—in equiatomic amounts made up the B-site. The configurational entropy was calculated to increase with the addition of calcium from medium to high entropy. The synthesized powders were heated to 1400 °C in air for 2 h to sinter them. The effect of doping on the resulting sintered materials was observed via density measurements and electron microscopy. The electrical conductivity was measured in air as a function of temperature to 900 °C. Conductivity versus composition indicates that an increase in entropy has a marked effect on electrical conductivity, leading to two distinct relationships with temperature.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/6/524perovskitedopingsinteringconductivityhigh-entropy |
| spellingShingle | Geoffrey Swift Sai Ram Gajjala Rasit Koc Sintering and Electrical Conductivity of Medium- and High-Entropy Calcium-Doped Four B-Site Cation Perovskite Materials Crystals perovskite doping sintering conductivity high-entropy |
| title | Sintering and Electrical Conductivity of Medium- and High-Entropy Calcium-Doped Four B-Site Cation Perovskite Materials |
| title_full | Sintering and Electrical Conductivity of Medium- and High-Entropy Calcium-Doped Four B-Site Cation Perovskite Materials |
| title_fullStr | Sintering and Electrical Conductivity of Medium- and High-Entropy Calcium-Doped Four B-Site Cation Perovskite Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sintering and Electrical Conductivity of Medium- and High-Entropy Calcium-Doped Four B-Site Cation Perovskite Materials |
| title_short | Sintering and Electrical Conductivity of Medium- and High-Entropy Calcium-Doped Four B-Site Cation Perovskite Materials |
| title_sort | sintering and electrical conductivity of medium and high entropy calcium doped four b site cation perovskite materials |
| topic | perovskite doping sintering conductivity high-entropy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/6/524 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT geoffreyswift sinteringandelectricalconductivityofmediumandhighentropycalciumdopedfourbsitecationperovskitematerials AT sairamgajjala sinteringandelectricalconductivityofmediumandhighentropycalciumdopedfourbsitecationperovskitematerials AT rasitkoc sinteringandelectricalconductivityofmediumandhighentropycalciumdopedfourbsitecationperovskitematerials |