Targeting eIF4A with RNA Aptamers Enhances Salt Stress Tolerance in Rice Through Modulation of Translation Initiation

Abstract Salt stress is a major limiting factor for rice productivity worldwide, and improving salt tolerance is crucial for ensuring sustainable agricultural production. In this study, we investigate the use of RNA aptamers to modulate eukaryotic initiation factor 4 A (eIF4A), a key regulator of tr...

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Main Authors: Haomin Chen, Zhihao Xie, Mingming Chen, Peiyi Zhu, Daming Chen, Yongxiang Huang, Shuangfeng Dai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-07-01
Series:Rice
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00819-y
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author Haomin Chen
Zhihao Xie
Mingming Chen
Peiyi Zhu
Daming Chen
Yongxiang Huang
Shuangfeng Dai
author_facet Haomin Chen
Zhihao Xie
Mingming Chen
Peiyi Zhu
Daming Chen
Yongxiang Huang
Shuangfeng Dai
author_sort Haomin Chen
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Salt stress is a major limiting factor for rice productivity worldwide, and improving salt tolerance is crucial for ensuring sustainable agricultural production. In this study, we investigate the use of RNA aptamers to modulate eukaryotic initiation factor 4 A (eIF4A), a key regulator of translation initiation under stress conditions, to enhance salt stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa). Using Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX), we isolated high-affinity RNA aptamers that specifically bind to eIF4A. One aptamer, eApt-2, was found to bind eIF4A with high affinity, selectively blocking cap-dependent translation initiation. Radioisotope‑based helicase assays confirmed that eApt‑2 does not impair eIF4A’s intrinsic RNA‑unwinding activity. Transfected rice expressing eApt-2 exhibited enhanced salt stress tolerance, with improved growth, biomass accumulation, and photosynthetic activity under saline conditions. Moreover, stable transgenic rice lines expressing eApt‑2 maintained enhanced growth and biomass accumulation under 150 mM NaCl stress, mirroring transient expression results, and transgenic Arabidopsis lines showed similar tolerance. Our results demonstrate the potential of RNA aptamers as a precise, reversible tool for enhancing stress resilience in crops, offering an alternative to conventional genetic modification methods. This study opens new avenues for engineering salt-tolerant rice and highlights the broader applicability of RNA aptamers in improving plant responses to abiotic stresses.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1939-8425
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language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
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spelling doaj-art-9d51ec32099448f5a9cfdb6283c4e4692025-08-20T03:46:24ZengSpringerOpenRice1939-84251939-84332025-07-0118111610.1186/s12284-025-00819-yTargeting eIF4A with RNA Aptamers Enhances Salt Stress Tolerance in Rice Through Modulation of Translation InitiationHaomin Chen0Zhihao Xie1Mingming Chen2Peiyi Zhu3Daming Chen4Yongxiang Huang5Shuangfeng Dai6College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean UniversityCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean UniversityCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean UniversityCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean UniversityCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean UniversityCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean UniversityCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean UniversityAbstract Salt stress is a major limiting factor for rice productivity worldwide, and improving salt tolerance is crucial for ensuring sustainable agricultural production. In this study, we investigate the use of RNA aptamers to modulate eukaryotic initiation factor 4 A (eIF4A), a key regulator of translation initiation under stress conditions, to enhance salt stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa). Using Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX), we isolated high-affinity RNA aptamers that specifically bind to eIF4A. One aptamer, eApt-2, was found to bind eIF4A with high affinity, selectively blocking cap-dependent translation initiation. Radioisotope‑based helicase assays confirmed that eApt‑2 does not impair eIF4A’s intrinsic RNA‑unwinding activity. Transfected rice expressing eApt-2 exhibited enhanced salt stress tolerance, with improved growth, biomass accumulation, and photosynthetic activity under saline conditions. Moreover, stable transgenic rice lines expressing eApt‑2 maintained enhanced growth and biomass accumulation under 150 mM NaCl stress, mirroring transient expression results, and transgenic Arabidopsis lines showed similar tolerance. Our results demonstrate the potential of RNA aptamers as a precise, reversible tool for enhancing stress resilience in crops, offering an alternative to conventional genetic modification methods. This study opens new avenues for engineering salt-tolerant rice and highlights the broader applicability of RNA aptamers in improving plant responses to abiotic stresses.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00819-yeIF4ARNA aptamerSalt stressRice
spellingShingle Haomin Chen
Zhihao Xie
Mingming Chen
Peiyi Zhu
Daming Chen
Yongxiang Huang
Shuangfeng Dai
Targeting eIF4A with RNA Aptamers Enhances Salt Stress Tolerance in Rice Through Modulation of Translation Initiation
Rice
eIF4A
RNA aptamer
Salt stress
Rice
title Targeting eIF4A with RNA Aptamers Enhances Salt Stress Tolerance in Rice Through Modulation of Translation Initiation
title_full Targeting eIF4A with RNA Aptamers Enhances Salt Stress Tolerance in Rice Through Modulation of Translation Initiation
title_fullStr Targeting eIF4A with RNA Aptamers Enhances Salt Stress Tolerance in Rice Through Modulation of Translation Initiation
title_full_unstemmed Targeting eIF4A with RNA Aptamers Enhances Salt Stress Tolerance in Rice Through Modulation of Translation Initiation
title_short Targeting eIF4A with RNA Aptamers Enhances Salt Stress Tolerance in Rice Through Modulation of Translation Initiation
title_sort targeting eif4a with rna aptamers enhances salt stress tolerance in rice through modulation of translation initiation
topic eIF4A
RNA aptamer
Salt stress
Rice
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00819-y
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