Simulation Study on Directional Solidification of Titanium–Aluminum Alloy Based on Liquid Metal Cooling Method
In this study, the ProCast software (version 2014) incorporating the CAFE model is applied to conduct numerical simulation analysis of the directional solidification process of titanium–aluminium alloy cylindrical rods at varying withdraw rates. According to the analytical results, the withdraw rate...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| author | Feng Li Hong Huang Xiao Zong Kehan Wang Han Liu Xuejun Liu Xianfei Ding |
| author_facet | Feng Li Hong Huang Xiao Zong Kehan Wang Han Liu Xuejun Liu Xianfei Ding |
| author_sort | Feng Li |
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| description | In this study, the ProCast software (version 2014) incorporating the CAFE model is applied to conduct numerical simulation analysis of the directional solidification process of titanium–aluminium alloy cylindrical rods at varying withdraw rates. According to the analytical results, the withdraw rate is a critical parameter that affects the morphology of the solid–liquid interface and the grain growth behavior during the directional solidification process. An increase in the drawing rate facilitates nucleation undercooling within the rod, inducing a shift in grain morphology from columnar to equiaxed. At a drawing rate of 1 mm/min, the solid–liquid interface exhibits the most stable morphology, as characterized by a flat interface. As indicated by further analysis, at this drawing rate, specific grain orientations are eliminated during competitive growth with an increase in solid fraction, culminating in the formation of columnar grain structures. Additionally, the impact of drawing rate on grain size and number is investigated, with an increase observed in grain number with drawing rate and a decrease found in grain size. The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of mechanisms behind the grain morphology evolution of titanium aluminide, providing crucial theoretical support for optimizing directional solidification processes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9d3d036eb77341a9a4155505178c5030 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj-art-9d3d036eb77341a9a4155505178c50302025-08-20T02:18:19ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012025-03-0115436610.3390/met15040366Simulation Study on Directional Solidification of Titanium–Aluminum Alloy Based on Liquid Metal Cooling MethodFeng Li0Hong Huang1Xiao Zong2Kehan Wang3Han Liu4Xuejun Liu5Xianfei Ding6AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, ChinaAECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, ChinaAECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, ChinaAECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, ChinaAECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, ChinaCollege of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, ChinaAECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, ChinaIn this study, the ProCast software (version 2014) incorporating the CAFE model is applied to conduct numerical simulation analysis of the directional solidification process of titanium–aluminium alloy cylindrical rods at varying withdraw rates. According to the analytical results, the withdraw rate is a critical parameter that affects the morphology of the solid–liquid interface and the grain growth behavior during the directional solidification process. An increase in the drawing rate facilitates nucleation undercooling within the rod, inducing a shift in grain morphology from columnar to equiaxed. At a drawing rate of 1 mm/min, the solid–liquid interface exhibits the most stable morphology, as characterized by a flat interface. As indicated by further analysis, at this drawing rate, specific grain orientations are eliminated during competitive growth with an increase in solid fraction, culminating in the formation of columnar grain structures. Additionally, the impact of drawing rate on grain size and number is investigated, with an increase observed in grain number with drawing rate and a decrease found in grain size. The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of mechanisms behind the grain morphology evolution of titanium aluminide, providing crucial theoretical support for optimizing directional solidification processes.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/4/366titanium–aluminium alloydirectional solidificationwithdraw ratenumerical simulationmicrostructuregrain growth |
| spellingShingle | Feng Li Hong Huang Xiao Zong Kehan Wang Han Liu Xuejun Liu Xianfei Ding Simulation Study on Directional Solidification of Titanium–Aluminum Alloy Based on Liquid Metal Cooling Method Metals titanium–aluminium alloy directional solidification withdraw rate numerical simulation microstructure grain growth |
| title | Simulation Study on Directional Solidification of Titanium–Aluminum Alloy Based on Liquid Metal Cooling Method |
| title_full | Simulation Study on Directional Solidification of Titanium–Aluminum Alloy Based on Liquid Metal Cooling Method |
| title_fullStr | Simulation Study on Directional Solidification of Titanium–Aluminum Alloy Based on Liquid Metal Cooling Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simulation Study on Directional Solidification of Titanium–Aluminum Alloy Based on Liquid Metal Cooling Method |
| title_short | Simulation Study on Directional Solidification of Titanium–Aluminum Alloy Based on Liquid Metal Cooling Method |
| title_sort | simulation study on directional solidification of titanium aluminum alloy based on liquid metal cooling method |
| topic | titanium–aluminium alloy directional solidification withdraw rate numerical simulation microstructure grain growth |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/4/366 |
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