A Novel Overactuated Quadrotor: Prototype Design, Modeling, and Control

Traditional multirotor UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) are inherently underactuated, with coupled position and attitude control, which limits their maneuverability in specific applications. This paper presents a fully actuated quadrotor design based on a swashplateless rotor mechanism. Unlike existi...

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Main Authors: Zhan Zhang, Yan Li, Hengzhi Jiang, Jieqi Li, Zhong Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Actuators
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0825/14/5/223
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author Zhan Zhang
Yan Li
Hengzhi Jiang
Jieqi Li
Zhong Wang
author_facet Zhan Zhang
Yan Li
Hengzhi Jiang
Jieqi Li
Zhong Wang
author_sort Zhan Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Traditional multirotor UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) are inherently underactuated, with coupled position and attitude control, which limits their maneuverability in specific applications. This paper presents a fully actuated quadrotor design based on a swashplateless rotor mechanism. Unlike existing fully actuated UAV designs that rely on servo-driven tilt mechanisms, this approach minimizes additional weight and simplifies the structure, resulting in a more maintainable system. The design, modeling, and control strategies for the quadrotor are presented. Furthermore, we propose a decoupled control method to address the need for both fully actuated and underactuated modes. The control architecture employs parallel attitude and position control structures and decouples the two subsystems using a nonlinear dynamic inversion (NDI) method. A compensation module is introduced to address the constraints imposed by the maximum rotor deflection angle and the corresponding feasible force set. This compensation module actively adjusts the attitude to mitigate the saturation of the required thrust, effectively overcoming the impact of rotor deflection angle limitations on trajectory tracking performance. The approach facilitates seamless switching between fully actuated and underactuated modes, enhancing the system’s flexibility and robustness. Simulation and flight experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed design.
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spelling doaj-art-9d258ec0d571464886ed9c77489cb7d42025-08-20T02:33:43ZengMDPI AGActuators2076-08252025-04-0114522310.3390/act14050223A Novel Overactuated Quadrotor: Prototype Design, Modeling, and ControlZhan Zhang0Yan Li1Hengzhi Jiang2Jieqi Li3Zhong Wang4School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, ChinaSchool of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, ChinaSchool of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, ChinaSchool of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, ChinaSchool of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, ChinaTraditional multirotor UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) are inherently underactuated, with coupled position and attitude control, which limits their maneuverability in specific applications. This paper presents a fully actuated quadrotor design based on a swashplateless rotor mechanism. Unlike existing fully actuated UAV designs that rely on servo-driven tilt mechanisms, this approach minimizes additional weight and simplifies the structure, resulting in a more maintainable system. The design, modeling, and control strategies for the quadrotor are presented. Furthermore, we propose a decoupled control method to address the need for both fully actuated and underactuated modes. The control architecture employs parallel attitude and position control structures and decouples the two subsystems using a nonlinear dynamic inversion (NDI) method. A compensation module is introduced to address the constraints imposed by the maximum rotor deflection angle and the corresponding feasible force set. This compensation module actively adjusts the attitude to mitigate the saturation of the required thrust, effectively overcoming the impact of rotor deflection angle limitations on trajectory tracking performance. The approach facilitates seamless switching between fully actuated and underactuated modes, enhancing the system’s flexibility and robustness. Simulation and flight experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed design.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0825/14/5/223full-actuated quadrotordecoupled controlunmanned aerial vehicles
spellingShingle Zhan Zhang
Yan Li
Hengzhi Jiang
Jieqi Li
Zhong Wang
A Novel Overactuated Quadrotor: Prototype Design, Modeling, and Control
Actuators
full-actuated quadrotor
decoupled control
unmanned aerial vehicles
title A Novel Overactuated Quadrotor: Prototype Design, Modeling, and Control
title_full A Novel Overactuated Quadrotor: Prototype Design, Modeling, and Control
title_fullStr A Novel Overactuated Quadrotor: Prototype Design, Modeling, and Control
title_full_unstemmed A Novel Overactuated Quadrotor: Prototype Design, Modeling, and Control
title_short A Novel Overactuated Quadrotor: Prototype Design, Modeling, and Control
title_sort novel overactuated quadrotor prototype design modeling and control
topic full-actuated quadrotor
decoupled control
unmanned aerial vehicles
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0825/14/5/223
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