Typhoon-Induced High PM10 Concentration Events in South Korea: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pre-, During, and Post-Typhoon Periods

This study challenges the commonly held belief that typhoons universally improve air quality by dispersing pollutants, offering new insights into their complex effects on PM10 concentrations. Through a comprehensive analysis of long-term data (2001–2021) from seven major South Korean cities, we demo...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hana Na, Woo-Sik Jung
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Atmosphere
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/4/473
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849712512026542080
author Hana Na
Woo-Sik Jung
author_facet Hana Na
Woo-Sik Jung
author_sort Hana Na
collection DOAJ
description This study challenges the commonly held belief that typhoons universally improve air quality by dispersing pollutants, offering new insights into their complex effects on PM10 concentrations. Through a comprehensive analysis of long-term data (2001–2021) from seven major South Korean cities, we demonstrate that typhoons can lead to significant increases in PM10 concentrations, particularly before and after their passage, under specific meteorological conditions. Contrary to the prevailing assumption, PM10 levels often rise before typhoons due to atmospheric stagnation, and after typhoons due to subsidence and long-range pollutant transport. Our results indicate that the post-typhoon period is particularly prone to high-PM10 events, with PM10 concentrations increasing by 84.5% in Incheon, 60.8% in Busan, and 62.3% in Gwangju. A case study of Typhoon MITAK revealed that pre-typhoon atmospheric conditions contributed to PM10 concentrations exceeding 81 μg/m<sup>3</sup> in Seoul, a level classified as ‘unhealthy’ by Korean air quality standards. These findings challenge existing perceptions and provide essential insights into the complex relationship between typhoons and air pollution. The study underscores the importance of understanding the nuanced dynamics of typhoon-induced air pollution and its implications for air quality management, particularly in the context of ongoing climate change and urbanization. Moreover, the integration of real-time monitoring data into predictive air quality models could enhance the ability to mitigate the adverse effects of typhoon-induced air pollution in vulnerable regions.
format Article
id doaj-art-9cf56b44ee5f44cca6e57c0bfad9eee5
institution DOAJ
issn 2073-4433
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Atmosphere
spelling doaj-art-9cf56b44ee5f44cca6e57c0bfad9eee52025-08-20T03:14:14ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332025-04-0116447310.3390/atmos16040473Typhoon-Induced High PM10 Concentration Events in South Korea: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pre-, During, and Post-Typhoon PeriodsHana Na0Woo-Sik Jung1Department of Atmospheric Environment Information Engineering/Typhoon-Ready Center/Atmospheric Environment Information Research Center, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Atmospheric Environment Information Engineering/Typhoon-Ready Center/Atmospheric Environment Information Research Center, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Republic of KoreaThis study challenges the commonly held belief that typhoons universally improve air quality by dispersing pollutants, offering new insights into their complex effects on PM10 concentrations. Through a comprehensive analysis of long-term data (2001–2021) from seven major South Korean cities, we demonstrate that typhoons can lead to significant increases in PM10 concentrations, particularly before and after their passage, under specific meteorological conditions. Contrary to the prevailing assumption, PM10 levels often rise before typhoons due to atmospheric stagnation, and after typhoons due to subsidence and long-range pollutant transport. Our results indicate that the post-typhoon period is particularly prone to high-PM10 events, with PM10 concentrations increasing by 84.5% in Incheon, 60.8% in Busan, and 62.3% in Gwangju. A case study of Typhoon MITAK revealed that pre-typhoon atmospheric conditions contributed to PM10 concentrations exceeding 81 μg/m<sup>3</sup> in Seoul, a level classified as ‘unhealthy’ by Korean air quality standards. These findings challenge existing perceptions and provide essential insights into the complex relationship between typhoons and air pollution. The study underscores the importance of understanding the nuanced dynamics of typhoon-induced air pollution and its implications for air quality management, particularly in the context of ongoing climate change and urbanization. Moreover, the integration of real-time monitoring data into predictive air quality models could enhance the ability to mitigate the adverse effects of typhoon-induced air pollution in vulnerable regions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/4/473PM10 concentration variabilitytyphoon-induced air pollutionatmospheric stagnation and subsidencelong-range pollutant transportair quality management in typhoon-prone regions
spellingShingle Hana Na
Woo-Sik Jung
Typhoon-Induced High PM10 Concentration Events in South Korea: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pre-, During, and Post-Typhoon Periods
Atmosphere
PM10 concentration variability
typhoon-induced air pollution
atmospheric stagnation and subsidence
long-range pollutant transport
air quality management in typhoon-prone regions
title Typhoon-Induced High PM10 Concentration Events in South Korea: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pre-, During, and Post-Typhoon Periods
title_full Typhoon-Induced High PM10 Concentration Events in South Korea: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pre-, During, and Post-Typhoon Periods
title_fullStr Typhoon-Induced High PM10 Concentration Events in South Korea: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pre-, During, and Post-Typhoon Periods
title_full_unstemmed Typhoon-Induced High PM10 Concentration Events in South Korea: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pre-, During, and Post-Typhoon Periods
title_short Typhoon-Induced High PM10 Concentration Events in South Korea: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pre-, During, and Post-Typhoon Periods
title_sort typhoon induced high pm10 concentration events in south korea a comprehensive analysis of pre during and post typhoon periods
topic PM10 concentration variability
typhoon-induced air pollution
atmospheric stagnation and subsidence
long-range pollutant transport
air quality management in typhoon-prone regions
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/4/473
work_keys_str_mv AT hanana typhooninducedhighpm10concentrationeventsinsouthkoreaacomprehensiveanalysisofpreduringandposttyphoonperiods
AT woosikjung typhooninducedhighpm10concentrationeventsinsouthkoreaacomprehensiveanalysisofpreduringandposttyphoonperiods