Interstitial lung diseases: a view on the problem
Introduction. The prevalence of interstitial lung diseases (ILD) has been steadily increasing in recent decades both in the world and in Ukraine. Given the heterogeneity of ILDs, the complexity of their diagnosis and treatment, this problem is one of the most relevant for specialists in the field o...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Ukrainian Military Medical Academy
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Український журнал військової медицини |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ujmm.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/536 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Summary: | Introduction. The prevalence of interstitial lung diseases (ILD) has been steadily increasing in recent decades both in the world and in Ukraine. Given the heterogeneity of ILDs, the complexity of their diagnosis and treatment, this problem is one of the most relevant for specialists in the field of respiratory medicine, general practitioners – family medicine and other therapeutic specialists.
Purpouse. To analyze the literature data regarding the etiology, pathogenesis, modern classifications, algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of ILD.
Materials and methods. The article uses the bibliographical method. Literature data are presented, in particular the results of a meta-analysis conducted by specialists from Europe, Asia, North and South America over the past decades regarding different phenotypes of ILD (progressive, non-progressive disease variants, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)).
Results. Numerous epidemiological studies on the prevalence and mortality from ILD, conducted in various countries of Europe, South and North America, and Asia over the past two decades, indicate progressive trends in the growth of their prevalence. The features of the etiological factors of ILD, their relationship with previous inflammatory diseases, autoimmune pathology, individual occupational factors, and other potential risks of their occurrence (taking medications, undergoing radiation therapy) are analyzed. The modern classification of ILD is presented, which takes into account the etiology and mechanisms of the formation of specific inflammatory/fibrotic changes in lung tissue. The clinical features of ILD with different phenotypes (fibrosing ILD, in particular progressive and non-progressive disease variants, ILF) are considered. Modern approaches to the therapy of ILD are presented, including immunomodulatory agents (tocilizumab, rituximab, mycophenolate mofetil) and new antifibrotic drugs (nintedanib and pirfenidone) to slow the progression of these diseases, and new directions for their treatment (lung transplantation) are identified.
Conclusions.The literature data presented in the review indicate the need to standardize algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of ILD, which will ensure the provision of full medical care, improve the quality and extend the life expectancy of this category of patients.
|
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 2708-6615 2708-6623 |