Characteristics of patients with non-severe infections of different SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants in China
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of patients infected with different Omicron subvariants presenting non-severe disease, evaluate the safety and efficacy of Azvudine for treatment of COVID-19, in order to broaden understanding of Omicron subvariant infections...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1511227/full |
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| author | Wenfang Yuan Yongmei Liu Haoting Zhan Feng Wei Qian Zhang Huixia Gao Huimin Yan Tao Huang Yongzhe Li Erhei Dai |
| author_facet | Wenfang Yuan Yongmei Liu Haoting Zhan Feng Wei Qian Zhang Huixia Gao Huimin Yan Tao Huang Yongzhe Li Erhei Dai |
| author_sort | Wenfang Yuan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of patients infected with different Omicron subvariants presenting non-severe disease, evaluate the safety and efficacy of Azvudine for treatment of COVID-19, in order to broaden understanding of Omicron subvariant infections.MethodA total of 244 individuals with Omicron subvariant (BA.2.76, n = 158; BA.5.1, n = 86) were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of the study participants were collected and analyzed.ResultPatients infected with BA.5.1 exhibited a higher incidence of clinical symptoms like fatigue (25.58% vs. 2.53%, p < 0.001), headache/dizziness (12.79% vs. 4.43%, p = 0.017), nausea/vomiting (10.47% vs. 1.27%, p = 0.002), viral loads and inflammatory factors, and shorter virus shedding time than those with BA.2.76. There are 28.1% patients reporting mild adverse events following Azvudine administration. After treatment, the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM, white blood cell, and lymphocyte obviously increased, while C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and D-dimer reduced. Azvudine speeded up the time for virus clearance compared to control treatment (10 vs. 11 days, p = 0.032). Low lymphocyte counts (odd ratio (OR) = 0.607, p = 0.001) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titer (OR = 0.990, p = 0.028) were the independent risk factors for long nucleic acid negativization duration after infection. Patients with pneumonia were often accompanied by dyspnea, fatigue and high level of D-dimer. Dyspnea (OR = 10.176, p = 0.019) could be used to identify the occurrence of pneumonia in patients infected with Omicron.ConclusionThe study demonstrated the difference in clinical and laboratory parameters between patients infected with Omicron BA.2.76 and BA.5.1, as well as the safety and efficacy of Azvudine therapy. Our study linked patient manifestations to Omicron subvariant, treatment, and clinical outcomes, which is conducive to healthcare providers/policymakers to revise and implement appropriate countermeasures, facilitating appropriately advise for individuals with Omicron subvariant infections. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9cbe41a4c67d4de78f5ebbbf626da362 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-9cbe41a4c67d4de78f5ebbbf626da3622025-08-20T02:37:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2024-12-011110.3389/fmed.2024.15112271511227Characteristics of patients with non-severe infections of different SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants in ChinaWenfang Yuan0Yongmei Liu1Haoting Zhan2Feng Wei3Qian Zhang4Huixia Gao5Huimin Yan6Tao Huang7Yongzhe Li8Erhei Dai9Division of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaDivision of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDivision of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism of Major Infectious Diseases and New Technology of Diagnosis and Treatment, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism of Major Infectious Diseases and New Technology of Diagnosis and Treatment, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDivision of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism of Major Infectious Diseases and New Technology of Diagnosis and Treatment, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of patients infected with different Omicron subvariants presenting non-severe disease, evaluate the safety and efficacy of Azvudine for treatment of COVID-19, in order to broaden understanding of Omicron subvariant infections.MethodA total of 244 individuals with Omicron subvariant (BA.2.76, n = 158; BA.5.1, n = 86) were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of the study participants were collected and analyzed.ResultPatients infected with BA.5.1 exhibited a higher incidence of clinical symptoms like fatigue (25.58% vs. 2.53%, p < 0.001), headache/dizziness (12.79% vs. 4.43%, p = 0.017), nausea/vomiting (10.47% vs. 1.27%, p = 0.002), viral loads and inflammatory factors, and shorter virus shedding time than those with BA.2.76. There are 28.1% patients reporting mild adverse events following Azvudine administration. After treatment, the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM, white blood cell, and lymphocyte obviously increased, while C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and D-dimer reduced. Azvudine speeded up the time for virus clearance compared to control treatment (10 vs. 11 days, p = 0.032). Low lymphocyte counts (odd ratio (OR) = 0.607, p = 0.001) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titer (OR = 0.990, p = 0.028) were the independent risk factors for long nucleic acid negativization duration after infection. Patients with pneumonia were often accompanied by dyspnea, fatigue and high level of D-dimer. Dyspnea (OR = 10.176, p = 0.019) could be used to identify the occurrence of pneumonia in patients infected with Omicron.ConclusionThe study demonstrated the difference in clinical and laboratory parameters between patients infected with Omicron BA.2.76 and BA.5.1, as well as the safety and efficacy of Azvudine therapy. Our study linked patient manifestations to Omicron subvariant, treatment, and clinical outcomes, which is conducive to healthcare providers/policymakers to revise and implement appropriate countermeasures, facilitating appropriately advise for individuals with Omicron subvariant infections.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1511227/fullomicron subvariantBA.2.76BA.5.1clinical featuresAzvudinenucleic acid negativization |
| spellingShingle | Wenfang Yuan Yongmei Liu Haoting Zhan Feng Wei Qian Zhang Huixia Gao Huimin Yan Tao Huang Yongzhe Li Erhei Dai Characteristics of patients with non-severe infections of different SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants in China Frontiers in Medicine omicron subvariant BA.2.76 BA.5.1 clinical features Azvudine nucleic acid negativization |
| title | Characteristics of patients with non-severe infections of different SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants in China |
| title_full | Characteristics of patients with non-severe infections of different SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants in China |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics of patients with non-severe infections of different SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of patients with non-severe infections of different SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants in China |
| title_short | Characteristics of patients with non-severe infections of different SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants in China |
| title_sort | characteristics of patients with non severe infections of different sars cov 2 omicron subvariants in china |
| topic | omicron subvariant BA.2.76 BA.5.1 clinical features Azvudine nucleic acid negativization |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1511227/full |
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