Tumor Metastasis to the Oral Soft Tissues and Jaw Bones: A Retrospective Study and Review of the Literature

ABSTRACT Objectives Metastasis to the oral soft tissues and jaw is rare and accounts for 1%–3% of maxillofacial malignancies. These lesions usually occur in the context of an extensive malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Materials and Methods Archived cases from the Oral and Maxillofacial Patholo...

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Main Authors: Atessa Pakfetrat, Zohreh Dalirsani, Nasrollah Saghravanian, Kazem Anvari, Sajede Asalian, Armaghan Salehi, Mahboobeh Taherizadeh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-12-01
Series:Clinical and Experimental Dental Research
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70011
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author Atessa Pakfetrat
Zohreh Dalirsani
Nasrollah Saghravanian
Kazem Anvari
Sajede Asalian
Armaghan Salehi
Mahboobeh Taherizadeh
author_facet Atessa Pakfetrat
Zohreh Dalirsani
Nasrollah Saghravanian
Kazem Anvari
Sajede Asalian
Armaghan Salehi
Mahboobeh Taherizadeh
author_sort Atessa Pakfetrat
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Objectives Metastasis to the oral soft tissues and jaw is rare and accounts for 1%–3% of maxillofacial malignancies. These lesions usually occur in the context of an extensive malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Materials and Methods Archived cases from the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department of the Faculty of Dentistry and two hospital centers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were examined. Inclusion criteria were cases with available records of pathologically confirmed metastatic lesions of the oral cavity with or without diagnosed primary malignancy. Results Metastatic lesions in the oral cavity and jaw were found in 18 patients, including seven women and 11 men, with a mean age of 49.5 years. Metastatic lesions were more common in the jaw (66%) and particularly in the mandible (38%) than elsewhere. In the case of soft tissue metastases, the gingiva was more affected than other sites. The primary tumor was most commonly in the kidney in men and in the breast in women (36%–28%). In addition, the diagnosis of a metastatic lesion led to the detection of the primary tumor elsewhere in six out of 18 cases (33.3%). Conclusions Early diagnosis of the lesions is challenging, given the absence of specific signs or symptoms, which, in some cases, nonetheless resemble inflammatory, benign, reactive lesions. Therefore, dentists play a crucial role in diagnosing such lesions, as they lead to the discovery of hidden distant primary tumors. Biopsy should always be considered for suspicious lesions, even if the probability is very low.
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spelling doaj-art-9cbafd3ebf1f454da70655c129cf9ab52025-08-20T02:52:09ZengWileyClinical and Experimental Dental Research2057-43472024-12-01106n/an/a10.1002/cre2.70011Tumor Metastasis to the Oral Soft Tissues and Jaw Bones: A Retrospective Study and Review of the LiteratureAtessa Pakfetrat0Zohreh Dalirsani1Nasrollah Saghravanian2Kazem Anvari3Sajede Asalian4Armaghan Salehi5Mahboobeh Taherizadeh6Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad IranOral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad IranOral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad IranDepartment of Radiotherapy Oncology and Cancer Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad IranMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad IranStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad IranSchool of Health Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad IranABSTRACT Objectives Metastasis to the oral soft tissues and jaw is rare and accounts for 1%–3% of maxillofacial malignancies. These lesions usually occur in the context of an extensive malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Materials and Methods Archived cases from the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department of the Faculty of Dentistry and two hospital centers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were examined. Inclusion criteria were cases with available records of pathologically confirmed metastatic lesions of the oral cavity with or without diagnosed primary malignancy. Results Metastatic lesions in the oral cavity and jaw were found in 18 patients, including seven women and 11 men, with a mean age of 49.5 years. Metastatic lesions were more common in the jaw (66%) and particularly in the mandible (38%) than elsewhere. In the case of soft tissue metastases, the gingiva was more affected than other sites. The primary tumor was most commonly in the kidney in men and in the breast in women (36%–28%). In addition, the diagnosis of a metastatic lesion led to the detection of the primary tumor elsewhere in six out of 18 cases (33.3%). Conclusions Early diagnosis of the lesions is challenging, given the absence of specific signs or symptoms, which, in some cases, nonetheless resemble inflammatory, benign, reactive lesions. Therefore, dentists play a crucial role in diagnosing such lesions, as they lead to the discovery of hidden distant primary tumors. Biopsy should always be considered for suspicious lesions, even if the probability is very low.https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70011jaw metastasisoral canceroral metastasis
spellingShingle Atessa Pakfetrat
Zohreh Dalirsani
Nasrollah Saghravanian
Kazem Anvari
Sajede Asalian
Armaghan Salehi
Mahboobeh Taherizadeh
Tumor Metastasis to the Oral Soft Tissues and Jaw Bones: A Retrospective Study and Review of the Literature
Clinical and Experimental Dental Research
jaw metastasis
oral cancer
oral metastasis
title Tumor Metastasis to the Oral Soft Tissues and Jaw Bones: A Retrospective Study and Review of the Literature
title_full Tumor Metastasis to the Oral Soft Tissues and Jaw Bones: A Retrospective Study and Review of the Literature
title_fullStr Tumor Metastasis to the Oral Soft Tissues and Jaw Bones: A Retrospective Study and Review of the Literature
title_full_unstemmed Tumor Metastasis to the Oral Soft Tissues and Jaw Bones: A Retrospective Study and Review of the Literature
title_short Tumor Metastasis to the Oral Soft Tissues and Jaw Bones: A Retrospective Study and Review of the Literature
title_sort tumor metastasis to the oral soft tissues and jaw bones a retrospective study and review of the literature
topic jaw metastasis
oral cancer
oral metastasis
url https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70011
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