Expression Pattern and Prognostic Significance of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma as a Potential Predictor of Immunotherapy Efficacy

Abstract Background The incidence of alcohol‐associated cancers is higher within Asian populations having an increased prevalence of an inactivating mutation in aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), a mitochondrial enzyme required for the clearance of acetaldehyde, a cytotoxic metabolite of ethanol. The...

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Main Authors: Silvia Baldari, Annalisa Antonini, Giuliana Di Rocco, Gabriele Toietta
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-02-01
Series:Cancer Innovation
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.149
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author Silvia Baldari
Annalisa Antonini
Giuliana Di Rocco
Gabriele Toietta
author_facet Silvia Baldari
Annalisa Antonini
Giuliana Di Rocco
Gabriele Toietta
author_sort Silvia Baldari
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The incidence of alcohol‐associated cancers is higher within Asian populations having an increased prevalence of an inactivating mutation in aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), a mitochondrial enzyme required for the clearance of acetaldehyde, a cytotoxic metabolite of ethanol. The role of alcohol consumption in promoting lung cancer is controversial, and little attention has been paid to the association between alcohol drinking and pulmonary ALDH2 expression. Methods We performed a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of multi‐omics data available in public databases to elucidate the role of ALDH2 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Results Transcriptional and proteomic data indicate a substantial pulmonary expression of ALDH2, which is functional for the metabolism of alcohol diffused from the bronchial circulation. ALDH2 expression is higher in healthy lung tissue than in LUAD and inhibits cell cycle, apoptosis, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition pathways. Moreover, low ALDH2 mRNA levels predict poor prognosis and low overall survival in LUAD patients. Interestingly, ALDH2 expression correlates with immune infiltration in LUAD. Conclusions A better understanding of the role of ALDH2 in lung tumor progression and immune infiltration might support its potential use as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for improving immunotherapeutic response.
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spelling doaj-art-9cb32a9df1064357b46acfef0cef79772025-08-20T03:03:46ZengWileyCancer Innovation2770-91912770-91832025-02-0141n/an/a10.1002/cai2.149Expression Pattern and Prognostic Significance of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma as a Potential Predictor of Immunotherapy EfficacySilvia Baldari0Annalisa Antonini1Giuliana Di Rocco2Gabriele Toietta3Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute Rome ItalyTumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute Rome ItalyUnit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute Rome ItalyTumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute Rome ItalyAbstract Background The incidence of alcohol‐associated cancers is higher within Asian populations having an increased prevalence of an inactivating mutation in aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), a mitochondrial enzyme required for the clearance of acetaldehyde, a cytotoxic metabolite of ethanol. The role of alcohol consumption in promoting lung cancer is controversial, and little attention has been paid to the association between alcohol drinking and pulmonary ALDH2 expression. Methods We performed a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of multi‐omics data available in public databases to elucidate the role of ALDH2 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Results Transcriptional and proteomic data indicate a substantial pulmonary expression of ALDH2, which is functional for the metabolism of alcohol diffused from the bronchial circulation. ALDH2 expression is higher in healthy lung tissue than in LUAD and inhibits cell cycle, apoptosis, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition pathways. Moreover, low ALDH2 mRNA levels predict poor prognosis and low overall survival in LUAD patients. Interestingly, ALDH2 expression correlates with immune infiltration in LUAD. Conclusions A better understanding of the role of ALDH2 in lung tumor progression and immune infiltration might support its potential use as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for improving immunotherapeutic response.https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.149acetaldehydealcoholaldehyde dehydrogenaseethanol metabolismimmunotherapylung adenocarcinoma
spellingShingle Silvia Baldari
Annalisa Antonini
Giuliana Di Rocco
Gabriele Toietta
Expression Pattern and Prognostic Significance of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma as a Potential Predictor of Immunotherapy Efficacy
Cancer Innovation
acetaldehyde
alcohol
aldehyde dehydrogenase
ethanol metabolism
immunotherapy
lung adenocarcinoma
title Expression Pattern and Prognostic Significance of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma as a Potential Predictor of Immunotherapy Efficacy
title_full Expression Pattern and Prognostic Significance of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma as a Potential Predictor of Immunotherapy Efficacy
title_fullStr Expression Pattern and Prognostic Significance of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma as a Potential Predictor of Immunotherapy Efficacy
title_full_unstemmed Expression Pattern and Prognostic Significance of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma as a Potential Predictor of Immunotherapy Efficacy
title_short Expression Pattern and Prognostic Significance of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma as a Potential Predictor of Immunotherapy Efficacy
title_sort expression pattern and prognostic significance of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 in lung adenocarcinoma as a potential predictor of immunotherapy efficacy
topic acetaldehyde
alcohol
aldehyde dehydrogenase
ethanol metabolism
immunotherapy
lung adenocarcinoma
url https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.149
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AT gabrieletoietta expressionpatternandprognosticsignificanceofaldehydedehydrogenase2inlungadenocarcinomaasapotentialpredictorofimmunotherapyefficacy