Parental rejection and internalizing/externalizing problems among left-behind children: the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in class

Background and objectivesLeft-behind children are characterized by prolonged separation from one or both parents, which exposes them to a constant lack of good parenting, leading to increased risk of internalizing and (or) externalizing problems. This study explored the effects of parental rejection...

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Main Authors: Zixiao Liu, Zizheng Zhao, Huijing Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-11-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1385250/full
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author Zixiao Liu
Zizheng Zhao
Huijing Chen
author_facet Zixiao Liu
Zizheng Zhao
Huijing Chen
author_sort Zixiao Liu
collection DOAJ
description Background and objectivesLeft-behind children are characterized by prolonged separation from one or both parents, which exposes them to a constant lack of good parenting, leading to increased risk of internalizing and (or) externalizing problems. This study explored the effects of parental rejection on internalizing and externalizing problems, and examined the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in class.MethodsThe sample comprised 3,473 left-behind children (aged 6 ~ 15; 54.1% girls) in a rural area of southwest China. Self-reported measures including Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire, Class Interpersonal Harmony Questionnaire and Child Behavior Scale were administrated. Regression analysis was employed and Hayes PROCESS macro was utilized to test the moderation effect.ResultsThe analysis showed that parental rejection had a significant predictive effect on both internalizing problems (β = 0.33, p < 0.001) and externalizing problems (β = 0.40, p < 0.001) of the left-behind children. Teacher interpersonal climate (β = −0.05, p < 0.001) and peer interpersonal climate (β = −0.04, p < 0.01) significantly moderated the relationship between parental rejection and externalizing problems for children with both parents absence, but not for children with single parent absence.ConclusionBenign teacher interpersonal climate and peer interpersonal climate may buffer the detrimental effect of parental rejection on left-behind children’s externalizing problems.
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spelling doaj-art-9cace23bb4884574afa7e2620769371c2025-08-20T01:53:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782024-11-011510.3389/fpsyg.2024.13852501385250Parental rejection and internalizing/externalizing problems among left-behind children: the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in classZixiao Liu0Zizheng Zhao1Huijing Chen2Department of Social Work, School of Sociology and Political Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Neuroscience, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City university of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Social Work, School of Sociology and Political Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, ChinaBackground and objectivesLeft-behind children are characterized by prolonged separation from one or both parents, which exposes them to a constant lack of good parenting, leading to increased risk of internalizing and (or) externalizing problems. This study explored the effects of parental rejection on internalizing and externalizing problems, and examined the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in class.MethodsThe sample comprised 3,473 left-behind children (aged 6 ~ 15; 54.1% girls) in a rural area of southwest China. Self-reported measures including Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire, Class Interpersonal Harmony Questionnaire and Child Behavior Scale were administrated. Regression analysis was employed and Hayes PROCESS macro was utilized to test the moderation effect.ResultsThe analysis showed that parental rejection had a significant predictive effect on both internalizing problems (β = 0.33, p < 0.001) and externalizing problems (β = 0.40, p < 0.001) of the left-behind children. Teacher interpersonal climate (β = −0.05, p < 0.001) and peer interpersonal climate (β = −0.04, p < 0.01) significantly moderated the relationship between parental rejection and externalizing problems for children with both parents absence, but not for children with single parent absence.ConclusionBenign teacher interpersonal climate and peer interpersonal climate may buffer the detrimental effect of parental rejection on left-behind children’s externalizing problems.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1385250/fullinternalizing problemexternalizing problemparental rejectionclass interpersonal harmonyleft-behind childrenmoderation effect
spellingShingle Zixiao Liu
Zizheng Zhao
Huijing Chen
Parental rejection and internalizing/externalizing problems among left-behind children: the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in class
Frontiers in Psychology
internalizing problem
externalizing problem
parental rejection
class interpersonal harmony
left-behind children
moderation effect
title Parental rejection and internalizing/externalizing problems among left-behind children: the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in class
title_full Parental rejection and internalizing/externalizing problems among left-behind children: the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in class
title_fullStr Parental rejection and internalizing/externalizing problems among left-behind children: the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in class
title_full_unstemmed Parental rejection and internalizing/externalizing problems among left-behind children: the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in class
title_short Parental rejection and internalizing/externalizing problems among left-behind children: the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in class
title_sort parental rejection and internalizing externalizing problems among left behind children the moderating role of interpersonal harmony in class
topic internalizing problem
externalizing problem
parental rejection
class interpersonal harmony
left-behind children
moderation effect
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1385250/full
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