VCAFusion: A Framework for Infrared and Low Light Visible Image Fusion Based on Visual Characteristics Adjustment

Infrared (IR) and visible (VIS) image fusion enhances vision tasks by combining complementary data. However, most existing methods assume normal lighting conditions and thus perform poorly in low-light environments, where VIS images often lose critical texture details. To address this limitation, we...

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Main Authors: Jiawen Li, Zhengzhong Huang, Jiapin Peng, Xiaochuan Zhang, Rongzhu Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/11/6295
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author Jiawen Li
Zhengzhong Huang
Jiapin Peng
Xiaochuan Zhang
Rongzhu Zhang
author_facet Jiawen Li
Zhengzhong Huang
Jiapin Peng
Xiaochuan Zhang
Rongzhu Zhang
author_sort Jiawen Li
collection DOAJ
description Infrared (IR) and visible (VIS) image fusion enhances vision tasks by combining complementary data. However, most existing methods assume normal lighting conditions and thus perform poorly in low-light environments, where VIS images often lose critical texture details. To address this limitation, we propose VCAFusion, a novel approach for robust infrared and visible image fusion in low-light scenarios. Our framework incorporates an adaptive brightness adjustment model based on light reflection theory to mitigate illumination-induced degradation in nocturnal images. Additionally, we design an adaptive enhancement function inspired by human visual perception to recover weak texture details. To further improve fusion quality, we develop an edge-preserving multi-scale decomposition model and a saliency-preserving strategy, ensuring seamless integration of perceptual features. By effectively balancing low-light enhancement and fusion, our framework preserves both the intensity distribution and the fine texture details of salient objects. Extensive experiments on public datasets demonstrate that VCAFusion achieves superior fusion quality, closely aligning with human visual perception and outperforming state-of-the-art methods in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations.
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institution OA Journals
issn 2076-3417
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publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
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spelling doaj-art-9c5107171e6b45b9b7adc3248a90c96f2025-08-20T02:23:00ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-06-011511629510.3390/app15116295VCAFusion: A Framework for Infrared and Low Light Visible Image Fusion Based on Visual Characteristics AdjustmentJiawen Li0Zhengzhong Huang1Jiapin Peng2Xiaochuan Zhang3Rongzhu Zhang4Southwest Institute of Technical Physics, Chengdu 610041, ChinaSouthwest Institute of Technical Physics, Chengdu 610041, ChinaSouthwest Institute of Technical Physics, Chengdu 610041, ChinaSouthwest Institute of Technical Physics, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, ChinaInfrared (IR) and visible (VIS) image fusion enhances vision tasks by combining complementary data. However, most existing methods assume normal lighting conditions and thus perform poorly in low-light environments, where VIS images often lose critical texture details. To address this limitation, we propose VCAFusion, a novel approach for robust infrared and visible image fusion in low-light scenarios. Our framework incorporates an adaptive brightness adjustment model based on light reflection theory to mitigate illumination-induced degradation in nocturnal images. Additionally, we design an adaptive enhancement function inspired by human visual perception to recover weak texture details. To further improve fusion quality, we develop an edge-preserving multi-scale decomposition model and a saliency-preserving strategy, ensuring seamless integration of perceptual features. By effectively balancing low-light enhancement and fusion, our framework preserves both the intensity distribution and the fine texture details of salient objects. Extensive experiments on public datasets demonstrate that VCAFusion achieves superior fusion quality, closely aligning with human visual perception and outperforming state-of-the-art methods in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/11/6295image fusionadaptive low-light adjustmentlocal detailsaliency-preservingmulti-scale decomposition
spellingShingle Jiawen Li
Zhengzhong Huang
Jiapin Peng
Xiaochuan Zhang
Rongzhu Zhang
VCAFusion: A Framework for Infrared and Low Light Visible Image Fusion Based on Visual Characteristics Adjustment
Applied Sciences
image fusion
adaptive low-light adjustment
local detail
saliency-preserving
multi-scale decomposition
title VCAFusion: A Framework for Infrared and Low Light Visible Image Fusion Based on Visual Characteristics Adjustment
title_full VCAFusion: A Framework for Infrared and Low Light Visible Image Fusion Based on Visual Characteristics Adjustment
title_fullStr VCAFusion: A Framework for Infrared and Low Light Visible Image Fusion Based on Visual Characteristics Adjustment
title_full_unstemmed VCAFusion: A Framework for Infrared and Low Light Visible Image Fusion Based on Visual Characteristics Adjustment
title_short VCAFusion: A Framework for Infrared and Low Light Visible Image Fusion Based on Visual Characteristics Adjustment
title_sort vcafusion a framework for infrared and low light visible image fusion based on visual characteristics adjustment
topic image fusion
adaptive low-light adjustment
local detail
saliency-preserving
multi-scale decomposition
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/11/6295
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AT zhengzhonghuang vcafusionaframeworkforinfraredandlowlightvisibleimagefusionbasedonvisualcharacteristicsadjustment
AT jiapinpeng vcafusionaframeworkforinfraredandlowlightvisibleimagefusionbasedonvisualcharacteristicsadjustment
AT xiaochuanzhang vcafusionaframeworkforinfraredandlowlightvisibleimagefusionbasedonvisualcharacteristicsadjustment
AT rongzhuzhang vcafusionaframeworkforinfraredandlowlightvisibleimagefusionbasedonvisualcharacteristicsadjustment