Cytotoxic Activity of Arctium lappa L. Fractions on Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231)
Background and objectives: Many studies have focused on herbal medicines due to the adverse effects associated with conventional cancer treatments. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory and anticancer properties of extracts and fractions derived from the root and aerial parts of Arcti...
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Iranian Society of Pharmacognosy
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Research Journal of Pharmacognosy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_214281_83b52bb2f0ae1b2abc9142667aa8d55f.pdf |
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| author | Mahdieh Samei Mahdieh Naghavi Alhosseini Ayesheh Enayati Homa Davoodi* |
| author_facet | Mahdieh Samei Mahdieh Naghavi Alhosseini Ayesheh Enayati Homa Davoodi* |
| author_sort | Mahdieh Samei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and objectives: Many studies have focused on herbal medicines due to the adverse effects associated with conventional cancer treatments. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory and anticancer properties of extracts and fractions derived from the root and aerial parts of Arctium lappa (A. lappa) on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Methods: Arctium lappa root and aerial parts were extracted with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The study included two breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, and one normal cell line, L929. The anticancer activity of these fractions and extracts was evaluated using an MTT assay, Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assay, real-time PCR, and an adhesion assay. Results: In a concentration-dependent manner, the total extract and chloroform fraction of A. lappa aerial parts showed significantly stronger growth inhibition in cancer cells than the root extracts. There was a significant induction of necrosis/necroptosis in cells treated with total extract and chloroform fraction of aerial parts. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that treatment with aerial parts extracts significantly increased TLR4 and NF-KB expression in cancer cells, whereas treatment with the aerial parts chloroform fraction reduced these levels. Treatment with the total extract and aerial parts chloroform fraction lowered the BAX/Bcl-2 expression ratio in cancer cells. Conclusion: The chloroform aerial part fraction demonstrated potential therapeutic value due to its overall cytotoxic effects and its ability to modulate gene expression; further investigation is needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms, including its potential anti-apoptotic effects. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9c4f8dfda7204e11aa2efbe436404d2f |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2345-4458 2345-5977 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Iranian Society of Pharmacognosy |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Research Journal of Pharmacognosy |
| spelling | doaj-art-9c4f8dfda7204e11aa2efbe436404d2f2025-08-20T02:08:11ZengIranian Society of PharmacognosyResearch Journal of Pharmacognosy2345-44582345-59772025-04-0112211310.22127/rjp.2024.487543.2651214281Cytotoxic Activity of Arctium lappa L. Fractions on Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231)Mahdieh Samei0Mahdieh Naghavi Alhosseini1Ayesheh Enayati2Homa Davoodi*3Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.Background and objectives: Many studies have focused on herbal medicines due to the adverse effects associated with conventional cancer treatments. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory and anticancer properties of extracts and fractions derived from the root and aerial parts of Arctium lappa (A. lappa) on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Methods: Arctium lappa root and aerial parts were extracted with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The study included two breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, and one normal cell line, L929. The anticancer activity of these fractions and extracts was evaluated using an MTT assay, Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assay, real-time PCR, and an adhesion assay. Results: In a concentration-dependent manner, the total extract and chloroform fraction of A. lappa aerial parts showed significantly stronger growth inhibition in cancer cells than the root extracts. There was a significant induction of necrosis/necroptosis in cells treated with total extract and chloroform fraction of aerial parts. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that treatment with aerial parts extracts significantly increased TLR4 and NF-KB expression in cancer cells, whereas treatment with the aerial parts chloroform fraction reduced these levels. Treatment with the total extract and aerial parts chloroform fraction lowered the BAX/Bcl-2 expression ratio in cancer cells. Conclusion: The chloroform aerial part fraction demonstrated potential therapeutic value due to its overall cytotoxic effects and its ability to modulate gene expression; further investigation is needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms, including its potential anti-apoptotic effects.https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_214281_83b52bb2f0ae1b2abc9142667aa8d55f.pdfarctium lappaapoptosisbreast cancerherbal medicine |
| spellingShingle | Mahdieh Samei Mahdieh Naghavi Alhosseini Ayesheh Enayati Homa Davoodi* Cytotoxic Activity of Arctium lappa L. Fractions on Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) Research Journal of Pharmacognosy arctium lappa apoptosis breast cancer herbal medicine |
| title | Cytotoxic Activity of Arctium lappa L. Fractions on Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) |
| title_full | Cytotoxic Activity of Arctium lappa L. Fractions on Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) |
| title_fullStr | Cytotoxic Activity of Arctium lappa L. Fractions on Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cytotoxic Activity of Arctium lappa L. Fractions on Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) |
| title_short | Cytotoxic Activity of Arctium lappa L. Fractions on Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) |
| title_sort | cytotoxic activity of arctium lappa l fractions on breast cancer cells mcf 7 mda mb 231 |
| topic | arctium lappa apoptosis breast cancer herbal medicine |
| url | https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_214281_83b52bb2f0ae1b2abc9142667aa8d55f.pdf |
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