Exploring the Link Between Maternal Oral Health Literacy and Child Oral Health Behaviours

Introduction and Aims: Caregiver's oral health literacy (OHL) has a multidimensional impact on child oral health outcomes. In infants and toddlers, oral health behaviours (OHB) play a crucial role in the development of early childhood caries and could be related to the caregiver's OHL. A s...

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Main Authors: Kirana Kamolchaiwanich, Jessica Y. Lee, Pattarawadee Leelataweewud
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:International Dental Journal
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020653925000073
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author Kirana Kamolchaiwanich
Jessica Y. Lee
Pattarawadee Leelataweewud
author_facet Kirana Kamolchaiwanich
Jessica Y. Lee
Pattarawadee Leelataweewud
author_sort Kirana Kamolchaiwanich
collection DOAJ
description Introduction and Aims: Caregiver's oral health literacy (OHL) has a multidimensional impact on child oral health outcomes. In infants and toddlers, oral health behaviours (OHB) play a crucial role in the development of early childhood caries and could be related to the caregiver's OHL. A simple OHL assessment may help identify children at risk of caries. This study aimed to investigate the association between maternal OHL and the child OHBs during the first 2 years of life. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 398 mothers of children aged 6 to 24 months. Maternal OHL was assessed using the ThREALD-30. Maternal demographics, oral health knowledge, and child OHBs were collected through self-administered questionnaires. ThREALD-30 scores were compared using the Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Spearman's rank correlation and gamma generalized linear models were used to identify factors associated with OHL. Binary logistic regression examined the association between maternal OHL and child OHBs. The Receiver Operating Characteristics curve determined a cut-off OHL score for severely deleterious child OHBs, and Chi-square analyses assessed the association with the cut-off. Results: The mean maternal ThREALD-30 was 23.7 (SD = 5.0), showing a strong positive correlation with oral health knowledge (r = 0.81, P < .001) and associations with low education and family income (P < .001). Logistic regression showed that lower ThREALD-30 levels were associated with poor child OHBs, including nighttime feeding, sugary bottle feeding, and no oral cleaning (P < .05). ThREALD-30 score ≤21 related to severely deleterious child OHBs. Conclusion: Lower maternal OHL was strongly associated with poor child OHBs, with a ThREALD-30 score ≤21 indicating a high risk of caries. Clinical Relevance: ThREALD-30 may be a useful screening tool for assessing mothers with young children at risk of early childhood caries.
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spelling doaj-art-9c36e23169b04be98b93a23bbb5194872025-08-20T02:28:40ZengElsevierInternational Dental Journal0020-65392025-06-017532042205210.1016/j.identj.2024.12.033Exploring the Link Between Maternal Oral Health Literacy and Child Oral Health BehavioursKirana Kamolchaiwanich0Jessica Y. Lee1Pattarawadee Leelataweewud2Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, UNC Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, USADepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Corresponding author. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, No. 6, Yothi Road, Ratchathewi District, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.Introduction and Aims: Caregiver's oral health literacy (OHL) has a multidimensional impact on child oral health outcomes. In infants and toddlers, oral health behaviours (OHB) play a crucial role in the development of early childhood caries and could be related to the caregiver's OHL. A simple OHL assessment may help identify children at risk of caries. This study aimed to investigate the association between maternal OHL and the child OHBs during the first 2 years of life. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 398 mothers of children aged 6 to 24 months. Maternal OHL was assessed using the ThREALD-30. Maternal demographics, oral health knowledge, and child OHBs were collected through self-administered questionnaires. ThREALD-30 scores were compared using the Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Spearman's rank correlation and gamma generalized linear models were used to identify factors associated with OHL. Binary logistic regression examined the association between maternal OHL and child OHBs. The Receiver Operating Characteristics curve determined a cut-off OHL score for severely deleterious child OHBs, and Chi-square analyses assessed the association with the cut-off. Results: The mean maternal ThREALD-30 was 23.7 (SD = 5.0), showing a strong positive correlation with oral health knowledge (r = 0.81, P < .001) and associations with low education and family income (P < .001). Logistic regression showed that lower ThREALD-30 levels were associated with poor child OHBs, including nighttime feeding, sugary bottle feeding, and no oral cleaning (P < .05). ThREALD-30 score ≤21 related to severely deleterious child OHBs. Conclusion: Lower maternal OHL was strongly associated with poor child OHBs, with a ThREALD-30 score ≤21 indicating a high risk of caries. Clinical Relevance: ThREALD-30 may be a useful screening tool for assessing mothers with young children at risk of early childhood caries.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020653925000073Oral health literacyEarly childhood cariesOral health knowledgeChild oral health behaviourREALD-30ThREALD-30
spellingShingle Kirana Kamolchaiwanich
Jessica Y. Lee
Pattarawadee Leelataweewud
Exploring the Link Between Maternal Oral Health Literacy and Child Oral Health Behaviours
International Dental Journal
Oral health literacy
Early childhood caries
Oral health knowledge
Child oral health behaviour
REALD-30
ThREALD-30
title Exploring the Link Between Maternal Oral Health Literacy and Child Oral Health Behaviours
title_full Exploring the Link Between Maternal Oral Health Literacy and Child Oral Health Behaviours
title_fullStr Exploring the Link Between Maternal Oral Health Literacy and Child Oral Health Behaviours
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the Link Between Maternal Oral Health Literacy and Child Oral Health Behaviours
title_short Exploring the Link Between Maternal Oral Health Literacy and Child Oral Health Behaviours
title_sort exploring the link between maternal oral health literacy and child oral health behaviours
topic Oral health literacy
Early childhood caries
Oral health knowledge
Child oral health behaviour
REALD-30
ThREALD-30
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020653925000073
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