Clinico Socio-Demographic Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from a Mental Health Clinic in Nepal: An Observational Study

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with symptoms manifesting in early childhood. There is limited information regarding the clinical scenario of ASD within Nepal. The study aims to determine the clinical and socio-demographic profile and evaluate the assoc...

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Main Authors: Utkarsh Karki, Amit Jha, Samjhana Parajuli, Anil Sharma, Bhupendra Gurung, Dipesh Bhattarai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nepal Medical Association 2025-03-01
Series:Journal of Nepal Medical Association
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Online Access:http://www.jnma.com.np/jnma/index.php/jnma/article/view/8937
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author Utkarsh Karki
Amit Jha
Samjhana Parajuli
Anil Sharma
Bhupendra Gurung
Dipesh Bhattarai
author_facet Utkarsh Karki
Amit Jha
Samjhana Parajuli
Anil Sharma
Bhupendra Gurung
Dipesh Bhattarai
author_sort Utkarsh Karki
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with symptoms manifesting in early childhood. There is limited information regarding the clinical scenario of ASD within Nepal. The study aims to determine the clinical and socio-demographic profile and evaluate the association between clinical and socio-demographic parameters in children with ASD. Methods: This was an observational cross-section study which examined the records of children diagnosed with ASD at a Mental Health Clinic in Nepal. Approval for the study was granted by NHRC. The analysis focused on data extracted from clinic records of ASD patients spanning from 16 September 2022 to 15 March 2024 encompassing one and a half years. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA). Results:A total of 138 children were diagnosed with ASD, with a mean age of diagnosis at 42.94 ±17.49 months.Among the participants, there were 110 (79.69%) male, 105 (76.01%) first born with a male to female ratio of 3.9:1 and 114 (82.59% ) were going to regular school. Parents' 39 (28.29%) and relatives' 25 (18.01%) concerns were the primary reasons for seeking a diagnosis followed by referrals from pediatricians 19 (13.79%). The mean Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) score of 34.33±3.99 was indicative of mild to moderate symptoms of ASD. The mean Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) score of 69.02±13.25 was indicative of mild impairment in socio-adaptive functioning. Conclusions: The study shows higher rate of ASD among males and first-born children. Early age at diagnosis is encouraging and is associated with better outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-9c125deea58448538badea099c52f0b32025-08-20T03:05:45ZengNepal Medical AssociationJournal of Nepal Medical Association0028-27151815-672X2025-03-016328410.31729/jnma.8937Clinico Socio-Demographic Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from a Mental Health Clinic in Nepal: An Observational StudyUtkarsh Karki 0Amit Jha 1Samjhana Parajuli 2Anil Sharma 3Bhupendra Gurung4Dipesh Bhattarai5Mental Health Unit, Synergy Mind Clinic, Chandol, Kathmandu, NepalMental Health Unit, Synergy Mind Clinic, Chandol, Kathmandu, NepalRainbow Center, Human Resource Training Center, Pokhara, NepalMental Health Unit, Synergy Mind Clinic, Chandol, Kathmandu, NepalMental Health Unit, Synergy Mind Clinic, Chandol, Kathmandu, NepalMental Health Unit, Synergy Mind Clinic, Chandol, Kathmandu, Nepal Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with symptoms manifesting in early childhood. There is limited information regarding the clinical scenario of ASD within Nepal. The study aims to determine the clinical and socio-demographic profile and evaluate the association between clinical and socio-demographic parameters in children with ASD. Methods: This was an observational cross-section study which examined the records of children diagnosed with ASD at a Mental Health Clinic in Nepal. Approval for the study was granted by NHRC. The analysis focused on data extracted from clinic records of ASD patients spanning from 16 September 2022 to 15 March 2024 encompassing one and a half years. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA). Results:A total of 138 children were diagnosed with ASD, with a mean age of diagnosis at 42.94 ±17.49 months.Among the participants, there were 110 (79.69%) male, 105 (76.01%) first born with a male to female ratio of 3.9:1 and 114 (82.59% ) were going to regular school. Parents' 39 (28.29%) and relatives' 25 (18.01%) concerns were the primary reasons for seeking a diagnosis followed by referrals from pediatricians 19 (13.79%). The mean Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) score of 34.33±3.99 was indicative of mild to moderate symptoms of ASD. The mean Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) score of 69.02±13.25 was indicative of mild impairment in socio-adaptive functioning. Conclusions: The study shows higher rate of ASD among males and first-born children. Early age at diagnosis is encouraging and is associated with better outcomes. http://www.jnma.com.np/jnma/index.php/jnma/article/view/8937autism spectrum disorderchildrenclinical profileNepal
spellingShingle Utkarsh Karki
Amit Jha
Samjhana Parajuli
Anil Sharma
Bhupendra Gurung
Dipesh Bhattarai
Clinico Socio-Demographic Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from a Mental Health Clinic in Nepal: An Observational Study
Journal of Nepal Medical Association
autism spectrum disorder
children
clinical profile
Nepal
title Clinico Socio-Demographic Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from a Mental Health Clinic in Nepal: An Observational Study
title_full Clinico Socio-Demographic Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from a Mental Health Clinic in Nepal: An Observational Study
title_fullStr Clinico Socio-Demographic Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from a Mental Health Clinic in Nepal: An Observational Study
title_full_unstemmed Clinico Socio-Demographic Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from a Mental Health Clinic in Nepal: An Observational Study
title_short Clinico Socio-Demographic Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from a Mental Health Clinic in Nepal: An Observational Study
title_sort clinico socio demographic profile of children with autism spectrum disorder from a mental health clinic in nepal an observational study
topic autism spectrum disorder
children
clinical profile
Nepal
url http://www.jnma.com.np/jnma/index.php/jnma/article/view/8937
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