Combined Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Chitooligosaccharide–EGCG Conjugate on Quality and Shelf-Life of Depurated Asian Green Mussel
The combined effects of chitooligosaccharide–epigallocatechin gallate conjugate (CEC) at different concentrations (1, 2, and 3%, <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) and cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on the depurated Asian green mussel edible portion (AGM-EP) were investigated during refrigera...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| author | Ajay Mittal Soottawat Benjakul Nigel Brunton Deepak Kadam Avtar Singh |
| author_facet | Ajay Mittal Soottawat Benjakul Nigel Brunton Deepak Kadam Avtar Singh |
| author_sort | Ajay Mittal |
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| description | The combined effects of chitooligosaccharide–epigallocatechin gallate conjugate (CEC) at different concentrations (1, 2, and 3%, <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) and cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on the depurated Asian green mussel edible portion (AGM-EP) were investigated during refrigerated storage for 15 days. Among all the treatments, the microbial counts, total volatile bases (TMA-N and TVB-N), and lipid oxidation of AGM-EP-treated 3% CEC in conjunction with CAP (CEC-3-CAP) were lower than the other samples during 15-day storage (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Total viable bacteria (6.16 log CFU/g sample), psychrotrophic bacteria (3.24 log CFU/g sample), <i>Vibrio</i> spp. (2.47 log CFU/g sample), presumptive <i>Pseudomonas</i> (5.93 log CFU/g sample), and H<sub>2</sub>S-producing bacteria (5.05 log CFU/g sample) counts of the CEC-3-CAP were lower than samples treated with 1 and 2% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) CEC on day 15, as well as samples solely treated using CAP during refrigerated storage, irrespective of storage time. Additionally, CEC-3-CAP had significantly lower lipid oxidation (PV: 8.36 mg cumene hydroperoxide/kg sample and TBARS: 2.65 mg MDA/kg sample) as compared to those without CEC added and other samples (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The incorporation of CEC effectively mitigated lipid oxidation as supported by lower reduction of PUFAs in AGM-EP. Moreover, on day 0, no significant differences were observed in cooking loss or textural parameters (firmness and toughness) among the treatments (<i>p</i> > 0.05). However, as storage progressed, cooking loss increased in the CEC-3-CAP sample, while a noticeable decline in firmness and toughness was recorded (<i>p</i> < 0.05). This further attributed to the lower likeness attained for CAP-3-CAP on day 12, but the score was higher than the acceptable limit (5.0). Therefore, CAP together with CEC is a promising technology to prolong the shelf-life of depurated AGM-EP by at least 9 days as compared to the control (3 days), but it certainly needs further studies for the retention of textural properties and sensorial attributes. |
| format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj-art-9c08975b4ea74ab48952da608a1247df2025-08-20T03:13:30ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-04-01148139910.3390/foods14081399Combined Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Chitooligosaccharide–EGCG Conjugate on Quality and Shelf-Life of Depurated Asian Green MusselAjay Mittal0Soottawat Benjakul1Nigel Brunton2Deepak Kadam3Avtar Singh4UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield Campus, D04 V1W8 Dublin, IrelandInternational Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation (ICE-SSI), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, ThailandUCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield Campus, D04 V1W8 Dublin, IrelandDepartment of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, CanadaInternational Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation (ICE-SSI), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, ThailandThe combined effects of chitooligosaccharide–epigallocatechin gallate conjugate (CEC) at different concentrations (1, 2, and 3%, <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) and cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on the depurated Asian green mussel edible portion (AGM-EP) were investigated during refrigerated storage for 15 days. Among all the treatments, the microbial counts, total volatile bases (TMA-N and TVB-N), and lipid oxidation of AGM-EP-treated 3% CEC in conjunction with CAP (CEC-3-CAP) were lower than the other samples during 15-day storage (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Total viable bacteria (6.16 log CFU/g sample), psychrotrophic bacteria (3.24 log CFU/g sample), <i>Vibrio</i> spp. (2.47 log CFU/g sample), presumptive <i>Pseudomonas</i> (5.93 log CFU/g sample), and H<sub>2</sub>S-producing bacteria (5.05 log CFU/g sample) counts of the CEC-3-CAP were lower than samples treated with 1 and 2% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) CEC on day 15, as well as samples solely treated using CAP during refrigerated storage, irrespective of storage time. Additionally, CEC-3-CAP had significantly lower lipid oxidation (PV: 8.36 mg cumene hydroperoxide/kg sample and TBARS: 2.65 mg MDA/kg sample) as compared to those without CEC added and other samples (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The incorporation of CEC effectively mitigated lipid oxidation as supported by lower reduction of PUFAs in AGM-EP. Moreover, on day 0, no significant differences were observed in cooking loss or textural parameters (firmness and toughness) among the treatments (<i>p</i> > 0.05). However, as storage progressed, cooking loss increased in the CEC-3-CAP sample, while a noticeable decline in firmness and toughness was recorded (<i>p</i> < 0.05). This further attributed to the lower likeness attained for CAP-3-CAP on day 12, but the score was higher than the acceptable limit (5.0). Therefore, CAP together with CEC is a promising technology to prolong the shelf-life of depurated AGM-EP by at least 9 days as compared to the control (3 days), but it certainly needs further studies for the retention of textural properties and sensorial attributes.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/8/1399chitooligosaccharide-EGCG conjugateAsian green musselcold plasmashelf-life extensionfood safety |
| spellingShingle | Ajay Mittal Soottawat Benjakul Nigel Brunton Deepak Kadam Avtar Singh Combined Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Chitooligosaccharide–EGCG Conjugate on Quality and Shelf-Life of Depurated Asian Green Mussel Foods chitooligosaccharide-EGCG conjugate Asian green mussel cold plasma shelf-life extension food safety |
| title | Combined Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Chitooligosaccharide–EGCG Conjugate on Quality and Shelf-Life of Depurated Asian Green Mussel |
| title_full | Combined Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Chitooligosaccharide–EGCG Conjugate on Quality and Shelf-Life of Depurated Asian Green Mussel |
| title_fullStr | Combined Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Chitooligosaccharide–EGCG Conjugate on Quality and Shelf-Life of Depurated Asian Green Mussel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combined Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Chitooligosaccharide–EGCG Conjugate on Quality and Shelf-Life of Depurated Asian Green Mussel |
| title_short | Combined Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Chitooligosaccharide–EGCG Conjugate on Quality and Shelf-Life of Depurated Asian Green Mussel |
| title_sort | combined effect of cold atmospheric plasma and chitooligosaccharide egcg conjugate on quality and shelf life of depurated asian green mussel |
| topic | chitooligosaccharide-EGCG conjugate Asian green mussel cold plasma shelf-life extension food safety |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/8/1399 |
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