Megathrust Shear Modulated by Albite Metasomatism in Subduction Mélanges

Abstract Aseismic megathrust slip downdip of the seismogenic zone is accommodated by either steady creep or episodic slow slip events (SSEs). However, the geological conditions defining the rheology of megathrust slip remain elusive. We examined exhumed subduction mélanges on Kyushu, Japan, which de...

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Main Authors: Kohtaro Ujiie, Kazuya Noro, Norio Shigematsu, Åke Fagereng, Naoki Nishiyama, Christopher J. Tulley, Haruna Masuyama, Yasushi Mori, Hiroyuki Kagi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2022-08-01
Series:Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010569
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author Kohtaro Ujiie
Kazuya Noro
Norio Shigematsu
Åke Fagereng
Naoki Nishiyama
Christopher J. Tulley
Haruna Masuyama
Yasushi Mori
Hiroyuki Kagi
author_facet Kohtaro Ujiie
Kazuya Noro
Norio Shigematsu
Åke Fagereng
Naoki Nishiyama
Christopher J. Tulley
Haruna Masuyama
Yasushi Mori
Hiroyuki Kagi
author_sort Kohtaro Ujiie
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Aseismic megathrust slip downdip of the seismogenic zone is accommodated by either steady creep or episodic slow slip events (SSEs). However, the geological conditions defining the rheology of megathrust slip remain elusive. We examined exhumed subduction mélanges on Kyushu, Japan, which deformed at ∼370–500°C under greenschist to epidote‐amphibolite facies conditions, comparable to warm‐slab environments. The mélanges recorded fluid release and viscous shear localization associated with metasomatic reactions between juxtaposed metapelitic and metabasaltic rocks. Metasomatic reactions caused albitization of metapelite, resulting in depth‐dependent changes to megathrust rheology. In a mélange deformed at ∼370°C, very fine grained reaction products (metasomatic albite) facilitated grain boundary diffusion creep at stresses of ∼45 MPa, less than those in the surrounding metabasalt. Mineralogical and chemical changes during metasomatic reactions, and their field content, imply an onset of albite metasomatism at ∼350°C. Albite metasomatism therefore potentially contributed to decreased megathrust strength around the inferred thermally controlled base of the seismogenic zone. In a mélange deformed near the mantle wedge corner at ∼500°C, metasomatic reactions promoted local quartz vein formation and localized viscous shear at slow slip strain rates, during which the coarse‐grained metasomatic albite behaved as relatively rigid blocks in a viscous matrix. We suggest that albite metasomatism can facilitate changes in a megathrust slip mode with depth and may explain why slip mode changes from creep to SSEs with tremor with increasing depth.
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spelling doaj-art-9bca72cb7ee14ca8a004122dfe1100d52025-08-20T03:17:54ZengWileyGeochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems1525-20272022-08-01238n/an/a10.1029/2022GC010569Megathrust Shear Modulated by Albite Metasomatism in Subduction MélangesKohtaro Ujiie0Kazuya Noro1Norio Shigematsu2Åke Fagereng3Naoki Nishiyama4Christopher J. Tulley5Haruna Masuyama6Yasushi Mori7Hiroyuki Kagi8Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba JapanGraduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba JapanGeological Survey of Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba JapanSchool of Earth and Environmental Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff UKGeological Survey of Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba JapanSchool of Earth and Environmental Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff UKGraduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba JapanKitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human History Kitakyushu JapanGeochemical Research Center Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Tokyo JapanAbstract Aseismic megathrust slip downdip of the seismogenic zone is accommodated by either steady creep or episodic slow slip events (SSEs). However, the geological conditions defining the rheology of megathrust slip remain elusive. We examined exhumed subduction mélanges on Kyushu, Japan, which deformed at ∼370–500°C under greenschist to epidote‐amphibolite facies conditions, comparable to warm‐slab environments. The mélanges recorded fluid release and viscous shear localization associated with metasomatic reactions between juxtaposed metapelitic and metabasaltic rocks. Metasomatic reactions caused albitization of metapelite, resulting in depth‐dependent changes to megathrust rheology. In a mélange deformed at ∼370°C, very fine grained reaction products (metasomatic albite) facilitated grain boundary diffusion creep at stresses of ∼45 MPa, less than those in the surrounding metabasalt. Mineralogical and chemical changes during metasomatic reactions, and their field content, imply an onset of albite metasomatism at ∼350°C. Albite metasomatism therefore potentially contributed to decreased megathrust strength around the inferred thermally controlled base of the seismogenic zone. In a mélange deformed near the mantle wedge corner at ∼500°C, metasomatic reactions promoted local quartz vein formation and localized viscous shear at slow slip strain rates, during which the coarse‐grained metasomatic albite behaved as relatively rigid blocks in a viscous matrix. We suggest that albite metasomatism can facilitate changes in a megathrust slip mode with depth and may explain why slip mode changes from creep to SSEs with tremor with increasing depth.https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010569
spellingShingle Kohtaro Ujiie
Kazuya Noro
Norio Shigematsu
Åke Fagereng
Naoki Nishiyama
Christopher J. Tulley
Haruna Masuyama
Yasushi Mori
Hiroyuki Kagi
Megathrust Shear Modulated by Albite Metasomatism in Subduction Mélanges
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
title Megathrust Shear Modulated by Albite Metasomatism in Subduction Mélanges
title_full Megathrust Shear Modulated by Albite Metasomatism in Subduction Mélanges
title_fullStr Megathrust Shear Modulated by Albite Metasomatism in Subduction Mélanges
title_full_unstemmed Megathrust Shear Modulated by Albite Metasomatism in Subduction Mélanges
title_short Megathrust Shear Modulated by Albite Metasomatism in Subduction Mélanges
title_sort megathrust shear modulated by albite metasomatism in subduction melanges
url https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010569
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