Clinical profiles and mortality risk factors in pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage: a single-center study in Saudi Arabia
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a rare, life-threatening event characterized by bleeding into the airways and lung parenchyma. OBJECTIVES: To explore the clinical characteristics of PH patients and investigate mortality-related risk factors, providing a holistic understanding of patient out...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Annals of Saudi Medicine |
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| Online Access: | http://www.annsaudimed.net/doi/10.5144/0256-4947.2025.235 |
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| author | Moath K. Alabdulsalam Robayeh A. Asiry Raghad T. Alhuthil Abdulaziz S. Almusallam Nora K. Alhelali Tareq M. Alayed Fahad B. Aljofan Fawaz A. Alanzi Tariq O. Alofisan Abdullah T. Alturkia |
| author_facet | Moath K. Alabdulsalam Robayeh A. Asiry Raghad T. Alhuthil Abdulaziz S. Almusallam Nora K. Alhelali Tareq M. Alayed Fahad B. Aljofan Fawaz A. Alanzi Tariq O. Alofisan Abdullah T. Alturkia |
| author_sort | Moath K. Alabdulsalam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND: Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a rare, life-threatening event characterized by bleeding into the airways and lung parenchyma. OBJECTIVES: To explore the clinical characteristics of PH patients and investigate mortality-related risk factors, providing a holistic understanding of patient outcomes in this population. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study SETTINGS: The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Pediatric patients with PH episodes (aged 1 month to 14 years) who were admitted from January 2014 to September 2019. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Clinical characteristics, outcomes, and mortality-related risk factors SAMPLE SIZE: 80 children RESULTS: The cohort had a sex ratio of 1:1 and a median age of 24 months [interquartile range: 9–78]. Medical histories included bone marrow transplant (51.3%), oncology cases (40.0%), chemotherapy (61.3%), chest infection (86.3%), and immunosuppressant use (71.3%). Additionally, most patients (87.5%) had acute respiratory distress syndrome during the PH episode. The overall PICU mortality rate was 82.5% (66/80), and was associated with thrombocytopenia, sepsis, renal impairment, liver dysfunction, multiorgan dysfunction, and altered code status in univariable analysis (all P <.05). Multivariate analysis identified sepsis, multiorgan dysfunction, and altered code status as key predictors of PICU mortality (P <.05). CONCLUSION: The high mortality rate reported emphasizes the need for tailored interventions and heightened vigilance, particularly in immunocompromised children. Future research will expand on these findings to refine current management protocols and further improve patient care in pediatric PH. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective study, single-center |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9b659375732e42518d02bae6bcacd58b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0256-4947 0975-4466 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Saudi Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-9b659375732e42518d02bae6bcacd58b2025-08-20T04:00:39ZengKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreAnnals of Saudi Medicine0256-49470975-44662025-07-0145423524210.5144/0256-4947.2025.235Clinical profiles and mortality risk factors in pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage: a single-center study in Saudi ArabiaMoath K. Alabdulsalam0Robayeh A. Asiry1Raghad T. Alhuthil2Abdulaziz S. Almusallam3Nora K. Alhelali4Tareq M. Alayed5Fahad B. Aljofan6Fawaz A. Alanzi7Tariq O. Alofisan8Abdullah T. Alturkia9From the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaFrom the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaFrom the Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaFrom the Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaFrom the Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaFrom the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaFrom the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaFrom the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaFrom the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaFrom the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaBACKGROUND: Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a rare, life-threatening event characterized by bleeding into the airways and lung parenchyma. OBJECTIVES: To explore the clinical characteristics of PH patients and investigate mortality-related risk factors, providing a holistic understanding of patient outcomes in this population. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study SETTINGS: The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Pediatric patients with PH episodes (aged 1 month to 14 years) who were admitted from January 2014 to September 2019. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Clinical characteristics, outcomes, and mortality-related risk factors SAMPLE SIZE: 80 children RESULTS: The cohort had a sex ratio of 1:1 and a median age of 24 months [interquartile range: 9–78]. Medical histories included bone marrow transplant (51.3%), oncology cases (40.0%), chemotherapy (61.3%), chest infection (86.3%), and immunosuppressant use (71.3%). Additionally, most patients (87.5%) had acute respiratory distress syndrome during the PH episode. The overall PICU mortality rate was 82.5% (66/80), and was associated with thrombocytopenia, sepsis, renal impairment, liver dysfunction, multiorgan dysfunction, and altered code status in univariable analysis (all P <.05). Multivariate analysis identified sepsis, multiorgan dysfunction, and altered code status as key predictors of PICU mortality (P <.05). CONCLUSION: The high mortality rate reported emphasizes the need for tailored interventions and heightened vigilance, particularly in immunocompromised children. Future research will expand on these findings to refine current management protocols and further improve patient care in pediatric PH. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective study, single-centerhttp://www.annsaudimed.net/doi/10.5144/0256-4947.2025.235pulmonary hemorrhagehemoptysispediatricintensive care unitacute respiratory distress syndrome |
| spellingShingle | Moath K. Alabdulsalam Robayeh A. Asiry Raghad T. Alhuthil Abdulaziz S. Almusallam Nora K. Alhelali Tareq M. Alayed Fahad B. Aljofan Fawaz A. Alanzi Tariq O. Alofisan Abdullah T. Alturkia Clinical profiles and mortality risk factors in pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage: a single-center study in Saudi Arabia Annals of Saudi Medicine pulmonary hemorrhage hemoptysis pediatric intensive care unit acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| title | Clinical profiles and mortality risk factors in pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage: a single-center study in Saudi Arabia |
| title_full | Clinical profiles and mortality risk factors in pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage: a single-center study in Saudi Arabia |
| title_fullStr | Clinical profiles and mortality risk factors in pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage: a single-center study in Saudi Arabia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical profiles and mortality risk factors in pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage: a single-center study in Saudi Arabia |
| title_short | Clinical profiles and mortality risk factors in pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage: a single-center study in Saudi Arabia |
| title_sort | clinical profiles and mortality risk factors in pediatric pulmonary hemorrhage a single center study in saudi arabia |
| topic | pulmonary hemorrhage hemoptysis pediatric intensive care unit acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| url | http://www.annsaudimed.net/doi/10.5144/0256-4947.2025.235 |
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