The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on symptomatic infection and related symptoms among preterm-born children aged 3–7 years in China

Abstract Vaccination plays a crucial role in preventing and controlling SARS-CoV-2 infections as well as their associated adverse outcomes. But there is a notable lack of research on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in children, particularly those young preterm-born children, who are more v...

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Main Authors: Dan Wang, Jia-Dong Ning, Jingke Cao, Changgen Liu, Shanghong Tang, Zhichun Feng, Tao Han, Li Li, Qiuping Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-10-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76609-1
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author Dan Wang
Jia-Dong Ning
Jingke Cao
Changgen Liu
Shanghong Tang
Zhichun Feng
Tao Han
Li Li
Qiuping Li
author_facet Dan Wang
Jia-Dong Ning
Jingke Cao
Changgen Liu
Shanghong Tang
Zhichun Feng
Tao Han
Li Li
Qiuping Li
author_sort Dan Wang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Vaccination plays a crucial role in preventing and controlling SARS-CoV-2 infections as well as their associated adverse outcomes. But there is a notable lack of research on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in children, particularly those young preterm-born children, who are more vulnerable to severe outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to determine the effect of vaccination with inactivated vaccines BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac on symptomatic COVID-19 infection and related symptoms in preterm-born children aged 3–7 years after relaxation of the COVID-19 prevention and control measures in December 2022 in China. We performed a retrospective cohort study involving 242 preterm-born children aged 3–7 years and the data were collected in March 2023. Logistic regression models and modified Poisson regression models combined with entropy balancing were used to explore the associations of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with symptomatic COVID-19, specific symptoms, and persistent symptoms one month after recovery from COVID-19. Of the 242 recruited preterm-born children, 156 (64.5%) were vaccinated with inactivated vaccines BBIBP‐CorV and CoronaVac. After entropy balancing, the covariates were balanced between the vaccinated and the unvaccinated groups, with standardized mean difference < 0.001. Vaccination with the said SARS-CoV-2 vaccines lowered the risk of developing symptomatic COVID-19 in preterm-born children (risk ratio [RR] = 0.783; 95% confidence interval [CI]: (0.711, 0.861). Likewise, COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a decline in the risk of pneumonia (odds ratio [OR] = 0.318; 95% CI 0.110, 0.913), fever (RR = 0.710; 95% CI 0.635, 0.794), high fever (RR = 0.542; 95% CI 0.297, 0.988), sore throat (OR = 0.304; 95% CI 0.139, 0.664), and persistent symptoms (RR = 0.425; 95% CI 0.182, 0.993). Immunization with inactivated vaccines BBIBP‐CorV and CoronaVac provides protection against symptomatic COVID-19 for preterm-born children 3–7 years.
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spelling doaj-art-9b5d47a7d2564bb39676891b68c715ca2025-08-20T02:11:26ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-10-0114111010.1038/s41598-024-76609-1The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on symptomatic infection and related symptoms among preterm-born children aged 3–7 years in ChinaDan Wang0Jia-Dong Ning1Jingke Cao2Changgen Liu3Shanghong Tang4Zhichun Feng5Tao Han6Li Li7Qiuping Li8Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Central South UniversityState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical UniversityDepartment of Neonatology, Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General HospitalDepartment of Neonatology, Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General HospitalDepartment of Neonatology, Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General HospitalDepartment of Neonatology, Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General HospitalDepartment of Neonatology, Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General HospitalState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical UniversityDepartment of Neonatology, Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General HospitalAbstract Vaccination plays a crucial role in preventing and controlling SARS-CoV-2 infections as well as their associated adverse outcomes. But there is a notable lack of research on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in children, particularly those young preterm-born children, who are more vulnerable to severe outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to determine the effect of vaccination with inactivated vaccines BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac on symptomatic COVID-19 infection and related symptoms in preterm-born children aged 3–7 years after relaxation of the COVID-19 prevention and control measures in December 2022 in China. We performed a retrospective cohort study involving 242 preterm-born children aged 3–7 years and the data were collected in March 2023. Logistic regression models and modified Poisson regression models combined with entropy balancing were used to explore the associations of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with symptomatic COVID-19, specific symptoms, and persistent symptoms one month after recovery from COVID-19. Of the 242 recruited preterm-born children, 156 (64.5%) were vaccinated with inactivated vaccines BBIBP‐CorV and CoronaVac. After entropy balancing, the covariates were balanced between the vaccinated and the unvaccinated groups, with standardized mean difference < 0.001. Vaccination with the said SARS-CoV-2 vaccines lowered the risk of developing symptomatic COVID-19 in preterm-born children (risk ratio [RR] = 0.783; 95% confidence interval [CI]: (0.711, 0.861). Likewise, COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a decline in the risk of pneumonia (odds ratio [OR] = 0.318; 95% CI 0.110, 0.913), fever (RR = 0.710; 95% CI 0.635, 0.794), high fever (RR = 0.542; 95% CI 0.297, 0.988), sore throat (OR = 0.304; 95% CI 0.139, 0.664), and persistent symptoms (RR = 0.425; 95% CI 0.182, 0.993). Immunization with inactivated vaccines BBIBP‐CorV and CoronaVac provides protection against symptomatic COVID-19 for preterm-born children 3–7 years.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76609-1PediatricsPreterm-born childrenCOVID-19VaccinationSymptomatic infection
spellingShingle Dan Wang
Jia-Dong Ning
Jingke Cao
Changgen Liu
Shanghong Tang
Zhichun Feng
Tao Han
Li Li
Qiuping Li
The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on symptomatic infection and related symptoms among preterm-born children aged 3–7 years in China
Scientific Reports
Pediatrics
Preterm-born children
COVID-19
Vaccination
Symptomatic infection
title The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on symptomatic infection and related symptoms among preterm-born children aged 3–7 years in China
title_full The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on symptomatic infection and related symptoms among preterm-born children aged 3–7 years in China
title_fullStr The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on symptomatic infection and related symptoms among preterm-born children aged 3–7 years in China
title_full_unstemmed The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on symptomatic infection and related symptoms among preterm-born children aged 3–7 years in China
title_short The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on symptomatic infection and related symptoms among preterm-born children aged 3–7 years in China
title_sort effect of covid 19 vaccination on symptomatic infection and related symptoms among preterm born children aged 3 7 years in china
topic Pediatrics
Preterm-born children
COVID-19
Vaccination
Symptomatic infection
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76609-1
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