Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023

Abstract Regional evidence on the signal detection between narcolepsy and vaccines is scarcely available and insufficiently understood, thus impeding a comprehensive understanding of this relationship on a global scale. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the global estimates of vaccine-associat...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yi Deun Jeong, Hyesu Jo, Yesol Yim, Sooji Lee, Jaeyu Park, Jinseok Lee, Jiseung Kang, Louis Jacob, Lee Smith, Masoud Rahmati, Guillermo F. López Sánchez, Hayeon Lee, Dong Keon Yon
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04049-6
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849400074430316544
author Yi Deun Jeong
Hyesu Jo
Yesol Yim
Sooji Lee
Jaeyu Park
Jinseok Lee
Jiseung Kang
Louis Jacob
Lee Smith
Masoud Rahmati
Guillermo F. López Sánchez
Hayeon Lee
Dong Keon Yon
author_facet Yi Deun Jeong
Hyesu Jo
Yesol Yim
Sooji Lee
Jaeyu Park
Jinseok Lee
Jiseung Kang
Louis Jacob
Lee Smith
Masoud Rahmati
Guillermo F. López Sánchez
Hayeon Lee
Dong Keon Yon
author_sort Yi Deun Jeong
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Regional evidence on the signal detection between narcolepsy and vaccines is scarcely available and insufficiently understood, thus impeding a comprehensive understanding of this relationship on a global scale. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy, discern its association with specific vaccines, and thereby contribute to the advancement of more efficient vaccination protocols. This study utilized data from the international pharmacovigilance database concerning vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023. Global reporting counts, reported odds ratios (ROR), and information components (IC) were analyzed to identify the signal detection between the 16 vaccines and the occurrence of vaccine-associated narcolepsy across 140 countries. We identified 2,183 reports (male, n = 870 [39.85%]) of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 5,291 reports of narcolepsy. Vaccine-associated narcolepsy has been reported since 2009. The highest disproportionality signals for narcolepsy were observed with influenza vaccines (ROR, 156.53 [95% CI, 147.62-165.97]; IC, 6.72 [IC0.25, 6.63]), followed by papillomavirus and encephalitis vaccines. Concerning age and sex-specific signals, reports of vaccine-associated narcolepsy were associated with age groups between 12 and 17 years and males. Most of these adverse events had a long time to onset (mean: 115 days). Although our findings do not permit any inference of causality, influenza vaccines showed highest signal detection between vaccines and narcolepsy followed by papillomavirus and encephalitis vaccines. COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, despite large number of reports, showed no evidence of signal detection with narcolepsy.
format Article
id doaj-art-9b34d96d48eb4de388a95299611b8b9b
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-9b34d96d48eb4de388a95299611b8b9b2025-08-20T03:38:11ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-04049-6Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023Yi Deun Jeong0Hyesu Jo1Yesol Yim2Sooji Lee3Jaeyu Park4Jinseok Lee5Jiseung Kang6Louis Jacob7Lee Smith8Masoud Rahmati9Guillermo F. López Sánchez10Hayeon Lee11Dong Keon Yon12Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee UniversityDivision of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical SchoolResearch and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de DéuCentre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin UniversityResearch Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille UniversityDivision of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of MurciaCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineAbstract Regional evidence on the signal detection between narcolepsy and vaccines is scarcely available and insufficiently understood, thus impeding a comprehensive understanding of this relationship on a global scale. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy, discern its association with specific vaccines, and thereby contribute to the advancement of more efficient vaccination protocols. This study utilized data from the international pharmacovigilance database concerning vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023. Global reporting counts, reported odds ratios (ROR), and information components (IC) were analyzed to identify the signal detection between the 16 vaccines and the occurrence of vaccine-associated narcolepsy across 140 countries. We identified 2,183 reports (male, n = 870 [39.85%]) of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 5,291 reports of narcolepsy. Vaccine-associated narcolepsy has been reported since 2009. The highest disproportionality signals for narcolepsy were observed with influenza vaccines (ROR, 156.53 [95% CI, 147.62-165.97]; IC, 6.72 [IC0.25, 6.63]), followed by papillomavirus and encephalitis vaccines. Concerning age and sex-specific signals, reports of vaccine-associated narcolepsy were associated with age groups between 12 and 17 years and males. Most of these adverse events had a long time to onset (mean: 115 days). Although our findings do not permit any inference of causality, influenza vaccines showed highest signal detection between vaccines and narcolepsy followed by papillomavirus and encephalitis vaccines. COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, despite large number of reports, showed no evidence of signal detection with narcolepsy.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04049-6VaccineVaccine-associated narcolepsyNarcolepsyGlobal
spellingShingle Yi Deun Jeong
Hyesu Jo
Yesol Yim
Sooji Lee
Jaeyu Park
Jinseok Lee
Jiseung Kang
Louis Jacob
Lee Smith
Masoud Rahmati
Guillermo F. López Sánchez
Hayeon Lee
Dong Keon Yon
Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023
Scientific Reports
Vaccine
Vaccine-associated narcolepsy
Narcolepsy
Global
title Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023
title_full Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023
title_fullStr Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023
title_full_unstemmed Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023
title_short Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023
title_sort global estimates of vaccine associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023
topic Vaccine
Vaccine-associated narcolepsy
Narcolepsy
Global
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04049-6
work_keys_str_mv AT yideunjeong globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023
AT hyesujo globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023
AT yesolyim globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023
AT soojilee globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023
AT jaeyupark globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023
AT jinseoklee globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023
AT jiseungkang globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023
AT louisjacob globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023
AT leesmith globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023
AT masoudrahmati globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023
AT guillermoflopezsanchez globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023
AT hayeonlee globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023
AT dongkeonyon globalestimatesofvaccineassociatednarcolepsyfrom1967to2023