Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023
Abstract Regional evidence on the signal detection between narcolepsy and vaccines is scarcely available and insufficiently understood, thus impeding a comprehensive understanding of this relationship on a global scale. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the global estimates of vaccine-associat...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04049-6 |
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| author | Yi Deun Jeong Hyesu Jo Yesol Yim Sooji Lee Jaeyu Park Jinseok Lee Jiseung Kang Louis Jacob Lee Smith Masoud Rahmati Guillermo F. López Sánchez Hayeon Lee Dong Keon Yon |
| author_facet | Yi Deun Jeong Hyesu Jo Yesol Yim Sooji Lee Jaeyu Park Jinseok Lee Jiseung Kang Louis Jacob Lee Smith Masoud Rahmati Guillermo F. López Sánchez Hayeon Lee Dong Keon Yon |
| author_sort | Yi Deun Jeong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Regional evidence on the signal detection between narcolepsy and vaccines is scarcely available and insufficiently understood, thus impeding a comprehensive understanding of this relationship on a global scale. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy, discern its association with specific vaccines, and thereby contribute to the advancement of more efficient vaccination protocols. This study utilized data from the international pharmacovigilance database concerning vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023. Global reporting counts, reported odds ratios (ROR), and information components (IC) were analyzed to identify the signal detection between the 16 vaccines and the occurrence of vaccine-associated narcolepsy across 140 countries. We identified 2,183 reports (male, n = 870 [39.85%]) of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 5,291 reports of narcolepsy. Vaccine-associated narcolepsy has been reported since 2009. The highest disproportionality signals for narcolepsy were observed with influenza vaccines (ROR, 156.53 [95% CI, 147.62-165.97]; IC, 6.72 [IC0.25, 6.63]), followed by papillomavirus and encephalitis vaccines. Concerning age and sex-specific signals, reports of vaccine-associated narcolepsy were associated with age groups between 12 and 17 years and males. Most of these adverse events had a long time to onset (mean: 115 days). Although our findings do not permit any inference of causality, influenza vaccines showed highest signal detection between vaccines and narcolepsy followed by papillomavirus and encephalitis vaccines. COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, despite large number of reports, showed no evidence of signal detection with narcolepsy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9b34d96d48eb4de388a95299611b8b9b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-9b34d96d48eb4de388a95299611b8b9b2025-08-20T03:38:11ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-04049-6Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023Yi Deun Jeong0Hyesu Jo1Yesol Yim2Sooji Lee3Jaeyu Park4Jinseok Lee5Jiseung Kang6Louis Jacob7Lee Smith8Masoud Rahmati9Guillermo F. López Sánchez10Hayeon Lee11Dong Keon Yon12Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee UniversityDivision of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical SchoolResearch and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de DéuCentre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin UniversityResearch Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille UniversityDivision of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of MurciaCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineAbstract Regional evidence on the signal detection between narcolepsy and vaccines is scarcely available and insufficiently understood, thus impeding a comprehensive understanding of this relationship on a global scale. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy, discern its association with specific vaccines, and thereby contribute to the advancement of more efficient vaccination protocols. This study utilized data from the international pharmacovigilance database concerning vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023. Global reporting counts, reported odds ratios (ROR), and information components (IC) were analyzed to identify the signal detection between the 16 vaccines and the occurrence of vaccine-associated narcolepsy across 140 countries. We identified 2,183 reports (male, n = 870 [39.85%]) of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 5,291 reports of narcolepsy. Vaccine-associated narcolepsy has been reported since 2009. The highest disproportionality signals for narcolepsy were observed with influenza vaccines (ROR, 156.53 [95% CI, 147.62-165.97]; IC, 6.72 [IC0.25, 6.63]), followed by papillomavirus and encephalitis vaccines. Concerning age and sex-specific signals, reports of vaccine-associated narcolepsy were associated with age groups between 12 and 17 years and males. Most of these adverse events had a long time to onset (mean: 115 days). Although our findings do not permit any inference of causality, influenza vaccines showed highest signal detection between vaccines and narcolepsy followed by papillomavirus and encephalitis vaccines. COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, despite large number of reports, showed no evidence of signal detection with narcolepsy.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04049-6VaccineVaccine-associated narcolepsyNarcolepsyGlobal |
| spellingShingle | Yi Deun Jeong Hyesu Jo Yesol Yim Sooji Lee Jaeyu Park Jinseok Lee Jiseung Kang Louis Jacob Lee Smith Masoud Rahmati Guillermo F. López Sánchez Hayeon Lee Dong Keon Yon Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023 Scientific Reports Vaccine Vaccine-associated narcolepsy Narcolepsy Global |
| title | Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023 |
| title_full | Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023 |
| title_fullStr | Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023 |
| title_short | Global estimates of vaccine-associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023 |
| title_sort | global estimates of vaccine associated narcolepsy from 1967 to 2023 |
| topic | Vaccine Vaccine-associated narcolepsy Narcolepsy Global |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04049-6 |
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