Experimental investigation of air velocity, water flow rate, and staging of cooling pad on the performance of direct evaporative coolers
Abstract In hot and dry climates, improving air cooling efficiency is vital for reducing energy consumption and enhancing indoor comfort. An evaporative cooling system utilizes water evaporation to cool air effectively. This study experimentally analyzes a direct evaporative cooler (DEC) set in a co...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2025-07-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s44189-025-00080-4 |
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| author | Tazebew Dires Kassie Yaregal Eneyew Bizuneh Amare Merfo Amsal |
| author_facet | Tazebew Dires Kassie Yaregal Eneyew Bizuneh Amare Merfo Amsal |
| author_sort | Tazebew Dires Kassie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In hot and dry climates, improving air cooling efficiency is vital for reducing energy consumption and enhancing indoor comfort. An evaporative cooling system utilizes water evaporation to cool air effectively. This study experimentally analyzes a direct evaporative cooler (DEC) set in a controlled environment to optimize key performance parameters, including air velocity, water consumption rate, cooling pad staging, humidity levels, and cooling capacity. Results indicated that a maximum cooling capacity of 17.6 W/m2 was achieved at 6.8 °C dry bulb temperature drop and a 33.5% rise in relative humidity across the cooling chamber. A strong linear relationship was observed between air velocities and cooling capacity, increasing by 4.43 W/m2 for every 1 m/s rise in airflow. Additionally, a three-stage cooling pad configuration outperformed single and two-stage setups, achieving the highest system effectiveness of 65% alongside a 32.8% rise in humidity. These findings highlight the potential of multistage DEC systems with natural cooling pads for energy-efficient climate control solutions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9b0fbd9e9f454719a11a8dbcb6298a4b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2010-1333 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration |
| spelling | doaj-art-9b0fbd9e9f454719a11a8dbcb6298a4b2025-08-20T03:42:53ZengSpringerInternational Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration2010-13332025-07-0133111110.1007/s44189-025-00080-4Experimental investigation of air velocity, water flow rate, and staging of cooling pad on the performance of direct evaporative coolersTazebew Dires Kassie0Yaregal Eneyew Bizuneh1Amare Merfo Amsal2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Debre Markos UniversityDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Debre Markos UniversityDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Debre Markos UniversityAbstract In hot and dry climates, improving air cooling efficiency is vital for reducing energy consumption and enhancing indoor comfort. An evaporative cooling system utilizes water evaporation to cool air effectively. This study experimentally analyzes a direct evaporative cooler (DEC) set in a controlled environment to optimize key performance parameters, including air velocity, water consumption rate, cooling pad staging, humidity levels, and cooling capacity. Results indicated that a maximum cooling capacity of 17.6 W/m2 was achieved at 6.8 °C dry bulb temperature drop and a 33.5% rise in relative humidity across the cooling chamber. A strong linear relationship was observed between air velocities and cooling capacity, increasing by 4.43 W/m2 for every 1 m/s rise in airflow. Additionally, a three-stage cooling pad configuration outperformed single and two-stage setups, achieving the highest system effectiveness of 65% alongside a 32.8% rise in humidity. These findings highlight the potential of multistage DEC systems with natural cooling pads for energy-efficient climate control solutions.https://doi.org/10.1007/s44189-025-00080-4Direct evaporative coolerPerformance optimizationHumidity levelsCooling pad stagingCooling capacity |
| spellingShingle | Tazebew Dires Kassie Yaregal Eneyew Bizuneh Amare Merfo Amsal Experimental investigation of air velocity, water flow rate, and staging of cooling pad on the performance of direct evaporative coolers International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Direct evaporative cooler Performance optimization Humidity levels Cooling pad staging Cooling capacity |
| title | Experimental investigation of air velocity, water flow rate, and staging of cooling pad on the performance of direct evaporative coolers |
| title_full | Experimental investigation of air velocity, water flow rate, and staging of cooling pad on the performance of direct evaporative coolers |
| title_fullStr | Experimental investigation of air velocity, water flow rate, and staging of cooling pad on the performance of direct evaporative coolers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental investigation of air velocity, water flow rate, and staging of cooling pad on the performance of direct evaporative coolers |
| title_short | Experimental investigation of air velocity, water flow rate, and staging of cooling pad on the performance of direct evaporative coolers |
| title_sort | experimental investigation of air velocity water flow rate and staging of cooling pad on the performance of direct evaporative coolers |
| topic | Direct evaporative cooler Performance optimization Humidity levels Cooling pad staging Cooling capacity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s44189-025-00080-4 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tazebewdireskassie experimentalinvestigationofairvelocitywaterflowrateandstagingofcoolingpadontheperformanceofdirectevaporativecoolers AT yaregaleneyewbizuneh experimentalinvestigationofairvelocitywaterflowrateandstagingofcoolingpadontheperformanceofdirectevaporativecoolers AT amaremerfoamsal experimentalinvestigationofairvelocitywaterflowrateandstagingofcoolingpadontheperformanceofdirectevaporativecoolers |