Breakthrough Infection and Death after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Physics Perspective

The largest universal immunization in history has occurred as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The developed COVID-19 vaccines have been shown to provide protection against severe forms of COVID-19 by inducing anti-spike neutralizing antibodies. It has been found that individuals who have not been...

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Main Authors: Seyed Ali Reza Mortazavi, Abdollah Jafarzadeh, Abdolkarim Ghadimi-Moghadam, Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi, Masoud Haghani, Ali Ghadimi-Moghadam, Lembit Sihver
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering
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Online Access:https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_49625_b0528f4219b30824b5dede7f6cab0bf9.pdf
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author Seyed Ali Reza Mortazavi
Abdollah Jafarzadeh
Abdolkarim Ghadimi-Moghadam
Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi
Masoud Haghani
Ali Ghadimi-Moghadam
Lembit Sihver
author_facet Seyed Ali Reza Mortazavi
Abdollah Jafarzadeh
Abdolkarim Ghadimi-Moghadam
Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi
Masoud Haghani
Ali Ghadimi-Moghadam
Lembit Sihver
author_sort Seyed Ali Reza Mortazavi
collection DOAJ
description The largest universal immunization in history has occurred as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The developed COVID-19 vaccines have been shown to provide protection against severe forms of COVID-19 by inducing anti-spike neutralizing antibodies. It has been found that individuals who have not been vaccinated against COVID-19 were more likely to contract the virus during a period when the Delta variant was dominant, as compared to those who have received the complete dose of the vaccine, irrespective of the variant. However, there is no notable disparity in the likelihood of hospitalization, requirement for mechanical ventilation, or mortality between the two groups once infected. Nevertheless, those who are unvaccinated may require additional oxygen support. There are reports indicating unfavorable health effects, ranging from transient thyroid dysfunction to death following vaccination. In addition, some people are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection despite they have immunized with the COVID-19 vaccine. Given all these considerations, several key factors should be better understood and considered to enable us to even more successfully manage future pandemics breakthrough infections. The effectiveness of physical treatment methods, e.g., Low Dose Radiation Therapy (LDRT) should be compared to pharmacological treatments.
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spelling doaj-art-9af84c9b4e754f2fa2be9887fb82e8f22025-08-20T03:11:14ZengShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72002025-06-0115329930610.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2212-157749625Breakthrough Infection and Death after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Physics PerspectiveSeyed Ali Reza Mortazavi0Abdollah Jafarzadeh1Abdolkarim Ghadimi-Moghadam2Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi3Masoud Haghani4Ali Ghadimi-Moghadam5Lembit Sihver6MVLS College, The University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UKDepartment of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranYasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, IranDepartment of Medical Physics and Engineering, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranFaculty of Medicine, Szeged University, Szeged, HungaryDepartment of Informatics and Engineering Systems, College of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, TX, USAThe largest universal immunization in history has occurred as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The developed COVID-19 vaccines have been shown to provide protection against severe forms of COVID-19 by inducing anti-spike neutralizing antibodies. It has been found that individuals who have not been vaccinated against COVID-19 were more likely to contract the virus during a period when the Delta variant was dominant, as compared to those who have received the complete dose of the vaccine, irrespective of the variant. However, there is no notable disparity in the likelihood of hospitalization, requirement for mechanical ventilation, or mortality between the two groups once infected. Nevertheless, those who are unvaccinated may require additional oxygen support. There are reports indicating unfavorable health effects, ranging from transient thyroid dysfunction to death following vaccination. In addition, some people are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection despite they have immunized with the COVID-19 vaccine. Given all these considerations, several key factors should be better understood and considered to enable us to even more successfully manage future pandemics breakthrough infections. The effectiveness of physical treatment methods, e.g., Low Dose Radiation Therapy (LDRT) should be compared to pharmacological treatments.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_49625_b0528f4219b30824b5dede7f6cab0bf9.pdfcovid-19sars-cov-2vaccinescytokine stormmedical physics
spellingShingle Seyed Ali Reza Mortazavi
Abdollah Jafarzadeh
Abdolkarim Ghadimi-Moghadam
Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi
Masoud Haghani
Ali Ghadimi-Moghadam
Lembit Sihver
Breakthrough Infection and Death after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Physics Perspective
Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering
covid-19
sars-cov-2
vaccines
cytokine storm
medical physics
title Breakthrough Infection and Death after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Physics Perspective
title_full Breakthrough Infection and Death after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Physics Perspective
title_fullStr Breakthrough Infection and Death after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Physics Perspective
title_full_unstemmed Breakthrough Infection and Death after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Physics Perspective
title_short Breakthrough Infection and Death after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Physics Perspective
title_sort breakthrough infection and death after covid 19 vaccination a physics perspective
topic covid-19
sars-cov-2
vaccines
cytokine storm
medical physics
url https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_49625_b0528f4219b30824b5dede7f6cab0bf9.pdf
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