The relationship between dietary phytochemical index and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: a case–control study
Abstract Background The risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus has been linked to dietary factors. This is one of the first studies that has investigated the relationship between dietary phytochemical index (DPI) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study was conducted with the ai...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-05-01
|
| Series: | BMC Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-025-01070-w |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850243723463491584 |
|---|---|
| author | Tooba Bahramfard Mohammad-Amin Zolghadrpour Mohammad-Reza Jowshan Davood Sheikhi Atousa Zandvakili Zahra Mohagheghzade Marjan Roozbehi Azizollah Pourmahmoudi |
| author_facet | Tooba Bahramfard Mohammad-Amin Zolghadrpour Mohammad-Reza Jowshan Davood Sheikhi Atousa Zandvakili Zahra Mohagheghzade Marjan Roozbehi Azizollah Pourmahmoudi |
| author_sort | Tooba Bahramfard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus has been linked to dietary factors. This is one of the first studies that has investigated the relationship between dietary phytochemical index (DPI) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between DPI and GDM. Methods This case–control study investigated 71 women without GDM and 71 women with GDM who had a singleton fetus. The average age of these two groups was 28 and 33 years, respectively, and these pregnant mothers were in the 27th week of pregnancy on average. A 168-item semi-quantitative FFQ questionnaire was used to determine food intake. Then, to check the intake status of dietary phytochemicals, DPI was calculated, then logistic regression was used in different models to evaluate the relationship between DPI and GDM. Results After adjusting for confounding factors, participants in the highest DPI tertile had 88% less chance of developing GDM (odds ratio = 0.12; 95% confidence intervals: 0.86–0.019). The mean DPI score of the case and control groups were 31.01 ± 22.17 and 36.09 ± 8.73, respectively. The overall mean DPI score for the study was 33.59 ± 18.88. Conclusion Women who have a higher DPI score are less likely to develop GDM, but more studies are necessary to confirm the results of the present study. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9aed1b74b75d42ed993edbe9e9f29995 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2055-0928 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-9aed1b74b75d42ed993edbe9e9f299952025-08-20T01:59:56ZengBMCBMC Nutrition2055-09282025-05-0111111010.1186/s40795-025-01070-wThe relationship between dietary phytochemical index and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: a case–control studyTooba Bahramfard0Mohammad-Amin Zolghadrpour1Mohammad-Reza Jowshan2Davood Sheikhi3Atousa Zandvakili4Zahra Mohagheghzade5Marjan Roozbehi6Azizollah Pourmahmoudi7Students Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesFaculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Persian Gulf UniversityStudent Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityDepartment of Nutrition, School of Health & Nutrition, Yasuj University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background The risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus has been linked to dietary factors. This is one of the first studies that has investigated the relationship between dietary phytochemical index (DPI) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between DPI and GDM. Methods This case–control study investigated 71 women without GDM and 71 women with GDM who had a singleton fetus. The average age of these two groups was 28 and 33 years, respectively, and these pregnant mothers were in the 27th week of pregnancy on average. A 168-item semi-quantitative FFQ questionnaire was used to determine food intake. Then, to check the intake status of dietary phytochemicals, DPI was calculated, then logistic regression was used in different models to evaluate the relationship between DPI and GDM. Results After adjusting for confounding factors, participants in the highest DPI tertile had 88% less chance of developing GDM (odds ratio = 0.12; 95% confidence intervals: 0.86–0.019). The mean DPI score of the case and control groups were 31.01 ± 22.17 and 36.09 ± 8.73, respectively. The overall mean DPI score for the study was 33.59 ± 18.88. Conclusion Women who have a higher DPI score are less likely to develop GDM, but more studies are necessary to confirm the results of the present study.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-025-01070-wDietary phytochemical indexGestational diabetes mellitusPregnancyIran |
| spellingShingle | Tooba Bahramfard Mohammad-Amin Zolghadrpour Mohammad-Reza Jowshan Davood Sheikhi Atousa Zandvakili Zahra Mohagheghzade Marjan Roozbehi Azizollah Pourmahmoudi The relationship between dietary phytochemical index and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: a case–control study BMC Nutrition Dietary phytochemical index Gestational diabetes mellitus Pregnancy Iran |
| title | The relationship between dietary phytochemical index and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: a case–control study |
| title_full | The relationship between dietary phytochemical index and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: a case–control study |
| title_fullStr | The relationship between dietary phytochemical index and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: a case–control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The relationship between dietary phytochemical index and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: a case–control study |
| title_short | The relationship between dietary phytochemical index and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: a case–control study |
| title_sort | relationship between dietary phytochemical index and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in iran a case control study |
| topic | Dietary phytochemical index Gestational diabetes mellitus Pregnancy Iran |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-025-01070-w |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT toobabahramfard therelationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT mohammadaminzolghadrpour therelationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT mohammadrezajowshan therelationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT davoodsheikhi therelationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT atousazandvakili therelationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT zahramohagheghzade therelationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT marjanroozbehi therelationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT azizollahpourmahmoudi therelationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT toobabahramfard relationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT mohammadaminzolghadrpour relationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT mohammadrezajowshan relationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT davoodsheikhi relationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT atousazandvakili relationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT zahramohagheghzade relationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT marjanroozbehi relationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy AT azizollahpourmahmoudi relationshipbetweendietaryphytochemicalindexandriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusiniranacasecontrolstudy |