Microplastics: Their effects on the environment, human health, and plant ecosystems

The issue of plastic waste has become a significant concern for the environment as 40 % of single-use plastics are often discarded and accumulate on land and in waterways, leading to degradation into micro- and nano-sized particles through photodegradation, thermooxidative degradation, hydrolytic de...

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Main Authors: Pachuau Lalrinfela, Rebecca Vanlalsangi, Khawlhring Lalrinzuali, Punuri Jayasekhar Babu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2024-10-01
Series:Environmental Pollution and Management
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950305124000214
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author Pachuau Lalrinfela
Rebecca Vanlalsangi
Khawlhring Lalrinzuali
Punuri Jayasekhar Babu
author_facet Pachuau Lalrinfela
Rebecca Vanlalsangi
Khawlhring Lalrinzuali
Punuri Jayasekhar Babu
author_sort Pachuau Lalrinfela
collection DOAJ
description The issue of plastic waste has become a significant concern for the environment as 40 % of single-use plastics are often discarded and accumulate on land and in waterways, leading to degradation into micro- and nano-sized particles through photodegradation, thermooxidative degradation, hydrolytic degradation, and biodegradation by microorganisms. The present review highlights the detection of microplastics and their impacts on humans and plants. These microplastics can carry dangerous chemicals and other substances, causing serious health hazards. They can enter the human body through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact, causing various health hazards, including cell injury, hormone disruption, and cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, these microplastics also significantly impact soil and plant growth, reducing yields and other negative consequences for the plants. These microplastics can quickly enter the soil and plants, causing drastic changes in the physicochemical characteristics of soil (pH, water retention, nutrient content), microbial community, and fertility, thereby impeding the plant's whole performance and response. The current review also focused on the microplastic manifestation of reduction in plant growth, seed germination, spore size, oxidative damage, and vascular blockage. Although more research is needed to understand the mechanisms of microplastic toxicity and transport fully, it is evident that urgent action must be taken to tackle this escalating issue.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2950-3051
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publishDate 2024-10-01
publisher KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
record_format Article
series Environmental Pollution and Management
spelling doaj-art-9ae9ab0fdc1f4464b8108cccdf8da4282025-08-20T03:42:44ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Environmental Pollution and Management2950-30512024-10-01124825910.1016/j.epm.2024.11.004Microplastics: Their effects on the environment, human health, and plant ecosystemsPachuau Lalrinfela0Rebecca Vanlalsangi1Khawlhring Lalrinzuali2Punuri Jayasekhar Babu3Department of Biochemistry, Govt. Zirtiri Residential Science College, Aizawl 796001, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Govt. Zirtiri Residential Science College, Aizawl 796001, IndiaMizoram State Cancer Institute, Zemabawk, Aizawl, Mizoram 796014, IndiaBiomaterials and Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796001, Mizoram, India; Corresponding author.The issue of plastic waste has become a significant concern for the environment as 40 % of single-use plastics are often discarded and accumulate on land and in waterways, leading to degradation into micro- and nano-sized particles through photodegradation, thermooxidative degradation, hydrolytic degradation, and biodegradation by microorganisms. The present review highlights the detection of microplastics and their impacts on humans and plants. These microplastics can carry dangerous chemicals and other substances, causing serious health hazards. They can enter the human body through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact, causing various health hazards, including cell injury, hormone disruption, and cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, these microplastics also significantly impact soil and plant growth, reducing yields and other negative consequences for the plants. These microplastics can quickly enter the soil and plants, causing drastic changes in the physicochemical characteristics of soil (pH, water retention, nutrient content), microbial community, and fertility, thereby impeding the plant's whole performance and response. The current review also focused on the microplastic manifestation of reduction in plant growth, seed germination, spore size, oxidative damage, and vascular blockage. Although more research is needed to understand the mechanisms of microplastic toxicity and transport fully, it is evident that urgent action must be taken to tackle this escalating issue.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950305124000214MicroplasticsNanoplasticsToxicityChemical additives
spellingShingle Pachuau Lalrinfela
Rebecca Vanlalsangi
Khawlhring Lalrinzuali
Punuri Jayasekhar Babu
Microplastics: Their effects on the environment, human health, and plant ecosystems
Environmental Pollution and Management
Microplastics
Nanoplastics
Toxicity
Chemical additives
title Microplastics: Their effects on the environment, human health, and plant ecosystems
title_full Microplastics: Their effects on the environment, human health, and plant ecosystems
title_fullStr Microplastics: Their effects on the environment, human health, and plant ecosystems
title_full_unstemmed Microplastics: Their effects on the environment, human health, and plant ecosystems
title_short Microplastics: Their effects on the environment, human health, and plant ecosystems
title_sort microplastics their effects on the environment human health and plant ecosystems
topic Microplastics
Nanoplastics
Toxicity
Chemical additives
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950305124000214
work_keys_str_mv AT pachuaulalrinfela microplasticstheireffectsontheenvironmenthumanhealthandplantecosystems
AT rebeccavanlalsangi microplasticstheireffectsontheenvironmenthumanhealthandplantecosystems
AT khawlhringlalrinzuali microplasticstheireffectsontheenvironmenthumanhealthandplantecosystems
AT punurijayasekharbabu microplasticstheireffectsontheenvironmenthumanhealthandplantecosystems