Dynamics of organic matter in algal blooms on the Greenland ice sheet

Abstract Surface melting supports the development of pigmented algal blooms on the Greenland Ice Sheet, decreasing albedo and further accelerating melting. The interplay between carbon-fixing algae and carbon-respiring heterotrophic microorganisms ultimately controls the amount and composition of or...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Pamela E. Rossel, Runa Antony, Rey Mourot, Thorsten Dittmar, Alexandre M. Anesio, Martyn Tranter, Liane G. Benning
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92182-7
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849725426055774208
author Pamela E. Rossel
Runa Antony
Rey Mourot
Thorsten Dittmar
Alexandre M. Anesio
Martyn Tranter
Liane G. Benning
author_facet Pamela E. Rossel
Runa Antony
Rey Mourot
Thorsten Dittmar
Alexandre M. Anesio
Martyn Tranter
Liane G. Benning
author_sort Pamela E. Rossel
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Surface melting supports the development of pigmented algal blooms on the Greenland Ice Sheet, decreasing albedo and further accelerating melting. The interplay between carbon-fixing algae and carbon-respiring heterotrophic microorganisms ultimately controls the amount and composition of organic matter (OM) and thus the ice and snow color. Yet, the dynamics of microbially-derived OM on the Greenland Ice Sheet remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we incubated in situ algae-dominated snow and ice samples under light and dark conditions and characterized the changes in dissolved and particulate OM (DOM and POM) with the help of ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. We show that glacier ice-algae habitats are dominated by highly unsaturated and aromatic compounds resistant to bio- and photo-degradation. In contrary, snow-algae habitats are enriched in bioavailable and more photosensitive unsaturated aliphatics and sulfur- and phosphorus-containing compounds. In both habitats, light exposure increased water-soluble DOM compounds derived from POM, which accounted for ~ 50–70% of the initial DOM composition. Of the initial DOM, 35–50% were heterotrophically degraded in the dark, while light alone photodegraded 6–16%. The significant accumulation of light-absorbing aromatics from POM and DOM at the end of the ice-algae experiments, underscore the greater impact of glacier ice-algae habitats on altering glacier color and accelerating melting.
format Article
id doaj-art-9acb0a326a7f42e3b8bd3710d6ba1339
institution DOAJ
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-9acb0a326a7f42e3b8bd3710d6ba13392025-08-20T03:10:28ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-92182-7Dynamics of organic matter in algal blooms on the Greenland ice sheetPamela E. Rossel0Runa Antony1Rey Mourot2Thorsten Dittmar3Alexandre M. Anesio4Martyn Tranter5Liane G. Benning6Interface Geochemistry Section, GFZ Helmoltz Centre for GeosciencesInterface Geochemistry Section, GFZ Helmoltz Centre for GeosciencesInterface Geochemistry Section, GFZ Helmoltz Centre for GeosciencesInstitute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University OldenburgDepartment of Environmental Science, Aarhus UniversityDepartment of Environmental Science, Aarhus UniversityInterface Geochemistry Section, GFZ Helmoltz Centre for GeosciencesAbstract Surface melting supports the development of pigmented algal blooms on the Greenland Ice Sheet, decreasing albedo and further accelerating melting. The interplay between carbon-fixing algae and carbon-respiring heterotrophic microorganisms ultimately controls the amount and composition of organic matter (OM) and thus the ice and snow color. Yet, the dynamics of microbially-derived OM on the Greenland Ice Sheet remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we incubated in situ algae-dominated snow and ice samples under light and dark conditions and characterized the changes in dissolved and particulate OM (DOM and POM) with the help of ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. We show that glacier ice-algae habitats are dominated by highly unsaturated and aromatic compounds resistant to bio- and photo-degradation. In contrary, snow-algae habitats are enriched in bioavailable and more photosensitive unsaturated aliphatics and sulfur- and phosphorus-containing compounds. In both habitats, light exposure increased water-soluble DOM compounds derived from POM, which accounted for ~ 50–70% of the initial DOM composition. Of the initial DOM, 35–50% were heterotrophically degraded in the dark, while light alone photodegraded 6–16%. The significant accumulation of light-absorbing aromatics from POM and DOM at the end of the ice-algae experiments, underscore the greater impact of glacier ice-algae habitats on altering glacier color and accelerating melting.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92182-7Snow and glacial ice algal bloomsDissolved and particulate organic matterCarbon dynamicsFourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometryArcticGreenland ice sheet
spellingShingle Pamela E. Rossel
Runa Antony
Rey Mourot
Thorsten Dittmar
Alexandre M. Anesio
Martyn Tranter
Liane G. Benning
Dynamics of organic matter in algal blooms on the Greenland ice sheet
Scientific Reports
Snow and glacial ice algal blooms
Dissolved and particulate organic matter
Carbon dynamics
Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
Arctic
Greenland ice sheet
title Dynamics of organic matter in algal blooms on the Greenland ice sheet
title_full Dynamics of organic matter in algal blooms on the Greenland ice sheet
title_fullStr Dynamics of organic matter in algal blooms on the Greenland ice sheet
title_full_unstemmed Dynamics of organic matter in algal blooms on the Greenland ice sheet
title_short Dynamics of organic matter in algal blooms on the Greenland ice sheet
title_sort dynamics of organic matter in algal blooms on the greenland ice sheet
topic Snow and glacial ice algal blooms
Dissolved and particulate organic matter
Carbon dynamics
Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
Arctic
Greenland ice sheet
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-92182-7
work_keys_str_mv AT pamelaerossel dynamicsoforganicmatterinalgalbloomsonthegreenlandicesheet
AT runaantony dynamicsoforganicmatterinalgalbloomsonthegreenlandicesheet
AT reymourot dynamicsoforganicmatterinalgalbloomsonthegreenlandicesheet
AT thorstendittmar dynamicsoforganicmatterinalgalbloomsonthegreenlandicesheet
AT alexandremanesio dynamicsoforganicmatterinalgalbloomsonthegreenlandicesheet
AT martyntranter dynamicsoforganicmatterinalgalbloomsonthegreenlandicesheet
AT lianegbenning dynamicsoforganicmatterinalgalbloomsonthegreenlandicesheet