Graphene-Based Grid Patterns Fabricated via Direct Ink Writing for Flexible Transparent Electrodes
Graphene is considered one of the most promising flexible transparent electrode materials as it has high charge carrier mobility, high electrical conductivity, low optical absorption, excellent mechanical strength, and good bendability. However, graphene-based flexible transparent electrodes face a...
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MDPI AG
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/15/8553 |
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| author | Yongcheng Zheng Hai Zi Shuqi Wang Shengming Yin Xu Shen |
| author_facet | Yongcheng Zheng Hai Zi Shuqi Wang Shengming Yin Xu Shen |
| author_sort | Yongcheng Zheng |
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| description | Graphene is considered one of the most promising flexible transparent electrode materials as it has high charge carrier mobility, high electrical conductivity, low optical absorption, excellent mechanical strength, and good bendability. However, graphene-based flexible transparent electrodes face a critical challenge in balancing electrical conductivity and optical transmittance. Here, we present a green and scalable direct ink writing (DIW) strategy to fabricate graphene grid patterns by optimizing ink formulation with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and ethanol. SDS eliminates the coffee ring effect via Marangoni flow, while ethanol enhances graphene flake alignment during hot-pressing, achieving a high conductivity of 5.22 × 10<sup>5</sup> S m<sup>−1</sup>. The grid-patterned graphene-based flexible transparent electrodes exhibit a low sheet resistance of 21.3 Ω/sq with 68.5% transmittance as well as a high stability in high-temperature and corrosive environments, surpassing most metal/graphene composites. This method avoids toxic solvents and high-temperature treatments, demonstrating excellent stability in harsh environments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9aba3459e35d4a27a0e6cc3febbb66d5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-9aba3459e35d4a27a0e6cc3febbb66d52025-08-20T03:02:55ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-08-011515855310.3390/app15158553Graphene-Based Grid Patterns Fabricated via Direct Ink Writing for Flexible Transparent ElectrodesYongcheng Zheng0Hai Zi1Shuqi Wang2Shengming Yin3Xu Shen4College of Modern Intelligent Manufacturing Industry, West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences, Dali 671006, ChinaCollege of Modern Intelligent Manufacturing Industry, West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences, Dali 671006, ChinaCollege of Modern Intelligent Manufacturing Industry, West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences, Dali 671006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaGraphene is considered one of the most promising flexible transparent electrode materials as it has high charge carrier mobility, high electrical conductivity, low optical absorption, excellent mechanical strength, and good bendability. However, graphene-based flexible transparent electrodes face a critical challenge in balancing electrical conductivity and optical transmittance. Here, we present a green and scalable direct ink writing (DIW) strategy to fabricate graphene grid patterns by optimizing ink formulation with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and ethanol. SDS eliminates the coffee ring effect via Marangoni flow, while ethanol enhances graphene flake alignment during hot-pressing, achieving a high conductivity of 5.22 × 10<sup>5</sup> S m<sup>−1</sup>. The grid-patterned graphene-based flexible transparent electrodes exhibit a low sheet resistance of 21.3 Ω/sq with 68.5% transmittance as well as a high stability in high-temperature and corrosive environments, surpassing most metal/graphene composites. This method avoids toxic solvents and high-temperature treatments, demonstrating excellent stability in harsh environments.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/15/8553direct ink writingtransparent graphene electrodegrid patternelectrical conductivity |
| spellingShingle | Yongcheng Zheng Hai Zi Shuqi Wang Shengming Yin Xu Shen Graphene-Based Grid Patterns Fabricated via Direct Ink Writing for Flexible Transparent Electrodes Applied Sciences direct ink writing transparent graphene electrode grid pattern electrical conductivity |
| title | Graphene-Based Grid Patterns Fabricated via Direct Ink Writing for Flexible Transparent Electrodes |
| title_full | Graphene-Based Grid Patterns Fabricated via Direct Ink Writing for Flexible Transparent Electrodes |
| title_fullStr | Graphene-Based Grid Patterns Fabricated via Direct Ink Writing for Flexible Transparent Electrodes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Graphene-Based Grid Patterns Fabricated via Direct Ink Writing for Flexible Transparent Electrodes |
| title_short | Graphene-Based Grid Patterns Fabricated via Direct Ink Writing for Flexible Transparent Electrodes |
| title_sort | graphene based grid patterns fabricated via direct ink writing for flexible transparent electrodes |
| topic | direct ink writing transparent graphene electrode grid pattern electrical conductivity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/15/8553 |
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