Epidemiology and genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Fujian Province, China, from 2023 to 2024
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is associated with reproductive disorders, respiratory diseases and slower growth rates. PRRSV mutation and recombination lead to the emergence and spread of novel strains, which brings challenges and complexity to clinical prevention and control....
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1634353/full |
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| author | Long-Bin Kang Long-Bin Kang Qiu-Yong Chen Qiu-Yong Chen Bing He Bing He Ren-Jie Wu Ren-Jie Wu Jing-Li Qiu Jing-Li Qiu Ru-Jing Chen Ru-Jing Chen Xue-Min Wu Xue-Min Wu Long-Bai Wang Long-Bai Wang Lun-Jiang Zhou Lun-Jiang Zhou |
| author_facet | Long-Bin Kang Long-Bin Kang Qiu-Yong Chen Qiu-Yong Chen Bing He Bing He Ren-Jie Wu Ren-Jie Wu Jing-Li Qiu Jing-Li Qiu Ru-Jing Chen Ru-Jing Chen Xue-Min Wu Xue-Min Wu Long-Bai Wang Long-Bai Wang Lun-Jiang Zhou Lun-Jiang Zhou |
| author_sort | Long-Bin Kang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is associated with reproductive disorders, respiratory diseases and slower growth rates. PRRSV mutation and recombination lead to the emergence and spread of novel strains, which brings challenges and complexity to clinical prevention and control. However, the epidemical characterization of PRRSV in Fujian is limited. In this study, 262 suspected PRRSV samples from 87 pig farms in Fujian Province, from 2023 to 2024 were collected to monitor the prevalence of PRRSV. Through RT-PCR detection and sequencing of the Nsp2 hypervariable region, ORF5, and ORF7 genes, an analysis of their genetic variation was conducted. The results revealed that the overall prevalence rate of PRRSV was 16.79% (44/262), PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 genotypes were co-prevalent in Fujian. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF5 gene identified 37 PRRSV strains, categorizing 1 as PRRSV-1, 36 as PRRSV-2, including 17 strains of NADC30-like subtype (45.95%), 9 strains of lineage 8 (24.32%), 7 strains of lineage 3 (18.92%), 2 strains of NADC34-like subtype (5.41%), and 1 strain of lineage 5 (2.70%). The main way of amino acid change of GP5 is a mutation, and some strains have a deletion. These changes are mainly observed in T cell, B cell epitope region, signal peptide region, and transmembrane region. The above results indicated that NADC30-like was the dominant circulating strain, followed by the HP-PRRSV strain in the farm. Moreover, genetic evolution analysis of the Nsp2 gene showed that the pattern of amino acid deletion between different lineages no longer seems to be applicable as a molecular marker for each lineage, and genetic diversity and recombination were commonly observed. Noteworthy, the identification of a novel independent subtype from the isolated strains indicates that the ORF7 gene also has genetic evolution, which requires us to pay attention to the genetic relationship of ORF7 between the wild strain and the vaccine strain. This study offers crucial insights into the evolutionary dynamics of PRRSV, thus providing a solid foundation for further research into PRRSV epidemiology and control strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9aab175e261e4c108f9786b8ac4d4cf4 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-9aab175e261e4c108f9786b8ac4d4cf42025-08-20T03:15:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692025-07-011210.3389/fvets.2025.16343531634353Epidemiology and genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Fujian Province, China, from 2023 to 2024Long-Bin Kang0Long-Bin Kang1Qiu-Yong Chen2Qiu-Yong Chen3Bing He4Bing He5Ren-Jie Wu6Ren-Jie Wu7Jing-Li Qiu8Jing-Li Qiu9Ru-Jing Chen10Ru-Jing Chen11Xue-Min Wu12Xue-Min Wu13Long-Bai Wang14Long-Bai Wang15Lun-Jiang Zhou16Lun-Jiang Zhou17Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou, ChinaFujian Animal Disease Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou, ChinaPorcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is associated with reproductive disorders, respiratory diseases and slower growth rates. PRRSV mutation and recombination lead to the emergence and spread of novel strains, which brings challenges and complexity to clinical prevention and control. However, the epidemical characterization of PRRSV in Fujian is limited. In this study, 262 suspected PRRSV samples from 87 pig farms in Fujian Province, from 2023 to 2024 were collected to monitor the prevalence of PRRSV. Through RT-PCR detection and sequencing of the Nsp2 hypervariable region, ORF5, and ORF7 genes, an analysis of their genetic variation was conducted. The results revealed that the overall prevalence rate of PRRSV was 16.79% (44/262), PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 genotypes were co-prevalent in Fujian. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF5 gene identified 37 PRRSV strains, categorizing 1 as PRRSV-1, 36 as PRRSV-2, including 17 strains of NADC30-like subtype (45.95%), 9 strains of lineage 8 (24.32%), 7 strains of lineage 3 (18.92%), 2 strains of NADC34-like subtype (5.41%), and 1 strain of lineage 5 (2.70%). The main way of amino acid change of GP5 is a mutation, and some strains have a deletion. These changes are mainly observed in T cell, B cell epitope region, signal peptide region, and transmembrane region. The above results indicated that NADC30-like was the dominant circulating strain, followed by the HP-PRRSV strain in the farm. Moreover, genetic evolution analysis of the Nsp2 gene showed that the pattern of amino acid deletion between different lineages no longer seems to be applicable as a molecular marker for each lineage, and genetic diversity and recombination were commonly observed. Noteworthy, the identification of a novel independent subtype from the isolated strains indicates that the ORF7 gene also has genetic evolution, which requires us to pay attention to the genetic relationship of ORF7 between the wild strain and the vaccine strain. This study offers crucial insights into the evolutionary dynamics of PRRSV, thus providing a solid foundation for further research into PRRSV epidemiology and control strategies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1634353/fullPRRSVprevalencegene evolutionNsp2ORF5ORF7 |
| spellingShingle | Long-Bin Kang Long-Bin Kang Qiu-Yong Chen Qiu-Yong Chen Bing He Bing He Ren-Jie Wu Ren-Jie Wu Jing-Li Qiu Jing-Li Qiu Ru-Jing Chen Ru-Jing Chen Xue-Min Wu Xue-Min Wu Long-Bai Wang Long-Bai Wang Lun-Jiang Zhou Lun-Jiang Zhou Epidemiology and genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Fujian Province, China, from 2023 to 2024 Frontiers in Veterinary Science PRRSV prevalence gene evolution Nsp2 ORF5 ORF7 |
| title | Epidemiology and genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Fujian Province, China, from 2023 to 2024 |
| title_full | Epidemiology and genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Fujian Province, China, from 2023 to 2024 |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology and genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Fujian Province, China, from 2023 to 2024 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology and genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Fujian Province, China, from 2023 to 2024 |
| title_short | Epidemiology and genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Fujian Province, China, from 2023 to 2024 |
| title_sort | epidemiology and genetic characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in fujian province china from 2023 to 2024 |
| topic | PRRSV prevalence gene evolution Nsp2 ORF5 ORF7 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1634353/full |
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