Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Variants (936C/T, 634C/G, 2578A/C) and Their Genotype–Haplotype Association with Recurrent Implantation Failure in Infertile Women: A Single-Center Analytical Study
<b>Background:</b> Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a key regulator in angiogenesis and contributes to a successful implantation. The current study has the following objective: to perform genotyping and haplotyping analysis to confirm whether the VEGF-<i>936C/T</i>...
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2025-03-01
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| author | Lucia Maria Procopciuc Mihaela Iancu Gabriela Valentina Caracostea Iulian Goidescu Adelina Staicu Roxana Liana Lucaciu Adriana Corina Hangan Sidonia Gog Bogdan Mihai Surcel |
| author_facet | Lucia Maria Procopciuc Mihaela Iancu Gabriela Valentina Caracostea Iulian Goidescu Adelina Staicu Roxana Liana Lucaciu Adriana Corina Hangan Sidonia Gog Bogdan Mihai Surcel |
| author_sort | Lucia Maria Procopciuc |
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| description | <b>Background:</b> Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a key regulator in angiogenesis and contributes to a successful implantation. The current study has the following objective: to perform genotyping and haplotyping analysis to confirm whether the VEGF-<i>936C/T</i>, VEGF-<i>634C/G</i>, and VEGF-<i>2578C/A</i> gene polymorphisms are associated with the susceptibility for recurrent implantation failure (RIF) in Romanian females at reproductive age. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> In total, 41 infertile women experiencing recurrent implantation failure and 44 women with minor infertility were genotyped for VEGF polymorphisms using PCR-RFLP analysis. <b>Results:</b> The VEGF-<i>936C/T</i> polymorphism in the dominant model, (C/T+T/T), represents an increased risk factor for recurrent implantation failure, the odds being 2.70 (95% CI: [1.04, 7.00]). Also, VEGF-<i>2578C/A</i> gene polymorphism represents the risk factor of RIF under the codominant (adjusted-OR = 5.28, 95% CI: [1.42, 19.65]) and recessive models (adjusted-OR = 5.15, 95% CI: [1.55, 17.09]). Patients carrying the VEGF-<i>T936</i> allele or VEGF-<i>C2578</i> allele had 2.25-fold and 2.36-fold increased odds of implantation failure (95% CI: [1.05, 4.81], <i>p</i> = 0.034) and 95% CI: [1.27, 4.39], <i>p</i> = 0.006), respectively. The results of the haplotype-based regression analysis reveal that patient carriers of the VEGF-<i>936/-634/-2578 T-C-A</i> haplotype had 12.39 increased odds of RIF. Also, carriers of the VEGF-<i>936/-2578 T-A</i> haplotype had 9.56-fold (<i>p</i> = 0.0113) increased odds of RIF after adjusting for age. <b>Conclusions:</b> We found a significant association between VEGF-<i>936C/T</i> and VEGF-<i>2578C/A</i> polymorphisms and the odds of RIF in this cohort of Romanian infertile women. Haplotype analysis suggested the role of VEGF-<i>936/-634/-2578 T-C-A</i> and VEGF-<i>936/-2578 T-A</i> haplotypes as a risk factors for RIF. |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-9a8b52ab55ba4487a8c1c1bbe6ae96662025-08-20T03:08:46ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182025-03-0115786810.3390/diagnostics15070868Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Variants (936C/T, 634C/G, 2578A/C) and Their Genotype–Haplotype Association with Recurrent Implantation Failure in Infertile Women: A Single-Center Analytical StudyLucia Maria Procopciuc0Mihaela Iancu1Gabriela Valentina Caracostea2Iulian Goidescu3Adelina Staicu4Roxana Liana Lucaciu5Adriana Corina Hangan6Sidonia Gog Bogdan7Mihai Surcel8Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaMedical Informatics and Biostatistics, Department 1, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaMedicover Hospital, 407062 Suceagu, RomaniaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Sugery and ATI, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania<b>Background:</b> Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a key regulator in angiogenesis and contributes to a successful implantation. The current study has the following objective: to perform genotyping and haplotyping analysis to confirm whether the VEGF-<i>936C/T</i>, VEGF-<i>634C/G</i>, and VEGF-<i>2578C/A</i> gene polymorphisms are associated with the susceptibility for recurrent implantation failure (RIF) in Romanian females at reproductive age. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> In total, 41 infertile women experiencing recurrent implantation failure and 44 women with minor infertility were genotyped for VEGF polymorphisms using PCR-RFLP analysis. <b>Results:</b> The VEGF-<i>936C/T</i> polymorphism in the dominant model, (C/T+T/T), represents an increased risk factor for recurrent implantation failure, the odds being 2.70 (95% CI: [1.04, 7.00]). Also, VEGF-<i>2578C/A</i> gene polymorphism represents the risk factor of RIF under the codominant (adjusted-OR = 5.28, 95% CI: [1.42, 19.65]) and recessive models (adjusted-OR = 5.15, 95% CI: [1.55, 17.09]). Patients carrying the VEGF-<i>T936</i> allele or VEGF-<i>C2578</i> allele had 2.25-fold and 2.36-fold increased odds of implantation failure (95% CI: [1.05, 4.81], <i>p</i> = 0.034) and 95% CI: [1.27, 4.39], <i>p</i> = 0.006), respectively. The results of the haplotype-based regression analysis reveal that patient carriers of the VEGF-<i>936/-634/-2578 T-C-A</i> haplotype had 12.39 increased odds of RIF. Also, carriers of the VEGF-<i>936/-2578 T-A</i> haplotype had 9.56-fold (<i>p</i> = 0.0113) increased odds of RIF after adjusting for age. <b>Conclusions:</b> We found a significant association between VEGF-<i>936C/T</i> and VEGF-<i>2578C/A</i> polymorphisms and the odds of RIF in this cohort of Romanian infertile women. Haplotype analysis suggested the role of VEGF-<i>936/-634/-2578 T-C-A</i> and VEGF-<i>936/-2578 T-A</i> haplotypes as a risk factors for RIF.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/7/868recurrent implantation failureVEGF-<i>936C/T</i>VEFG-<i>634C/G</i>VEGF-<i>2578C/A</i>haplotype analysis |
| spellingShingle | Lucia Maria Procopciuc Mihaela Iancu Gabriela Valentina Caracostea Iulian Goidescu Adelina Staicu Roxana Liana Lucaciu Adriana Corina Hangan Sidonia Gog Bogdan Mihai Surcel Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Variants (936C/T, 634C/G, 2578A/C) and Their Genotype–Haplotype Association with Recurrent Implantation Failure in Infertile Women: A Single-Center Analytical Study Diagnostics recurrent implantation failure VEGF-<i>936C/T</i> VEFG-<i>634C/G</i> VEGF-<i>2578C/A</i> haplotype analysis |
| title | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Variants (936C/T, 634C/G, 2578A/C) and Their Genotype–Haplotype Association with Recurrent Implantation Failure in Infertile Women: A Single-Center Analytical Study |
| title_full | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Variants (936C/T, 634C/G, 2578A/C) and Their Genotype–Haplotype Association with Recurrent Implantation Failure in Infertile Women: A Single-Center Analytical Study |
| title_fullStr | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Variants (936C/T, 634C/G, 2578A/C) and Their Genotype–Haplotype Association with Recurrent Implantation Failure in Infertile Women: A Single-Center Analytical Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Variants (936C/T, 634C/G, 2578A/C) and Their Genotype–Haplotype Association with Recurrent Implantation Failure in Infertile Women: A Single-Center Analytical Study |
| title_short | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Variants (936C/T, 634C/G, 2578A/C) and Their Genotype–Haplotype Association with Recurrent Implantation Failure in Infertile Women: A Single-Center Analytical Study |
| title_sort | vascular endothelial growth factor variants 936c t 634c g 2578a c and their genotype haplotype association with recurrent implantation failure in infertile women a single center analytical study |
| topic | recurrent implantation failure VEGF-<i>936C/T</i> VEFG-<i>634C/G</i> VEGF-<i>2578C/A</i> haplotype analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/7/868 |
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