Rethinking STI control strategies: epidemiological and social determinants insights from a combined ecological and cross-sectional study in a Brazilian capital
Abstract Background Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with substantial adverse outcomes, including genital symptoms, pregnancy complications, infertility, increased risk of HIV transmission, and significant psychosocial impacts. Identifying priority areas for action and key eleme...
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2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23589-0 |
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| author | Paula Knoch Mendonça Gil Alisson André Ribeiro Camila Guadeluppe Maciel Márcio José de Medeiros Cláudia Du Bocage Santos-Pinto Everton Falcão de Oliveira |
| author_facet | Paula Knoch Mendonça Gil Alisson André Ribeiro Camila Guadeluppe Maciel Márcio José de Medeiros Cláudia Du Bocage Santos-Pinto Everton Falcão de Oliveira |
| author_sort | Paula Knoch Mendonça Gil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with substantial adverse outcomes, including genital symptoms, pregnancy complications, infertility, increased risk of HIV transmission, and significant psychosocial impacts. Identifying priority areas for action and key elements to inform discussions on expanding access to STI prevention measures, including HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), is essential for planning effective control strategies. Methods This ecological study aimed to analyze the occurrence of notifiable STIs using data from a medium-sized state capital during the five years preceding the introduction of PrEP. Data on confirmed cases of notifiable STIs (HIV/AIDS, syphilis, and viral hepatitis) reported to the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) in Campo Grande from 2014 to 2018, along with socioeconomic and demographic data, were assessed. Spatial analysis methods were used to identify clusters and areas with increased risk of STI occurrence. Results A total of 10,074 STI cases were reported to SINAN. Syphilis was the most frequently reported infection, accounting for 78.6% of cases, followed by HIV/AIDS (19.5%) and hepatitis B (1.9%). Higher risk for all three STIs was observed among non-white men over the age of 20 low educational attainment. Among HIV cases specifically, heterosexual individuals were the most affected, based on available data regarding sexual orientation. Spatial analysis revealed clusters of high incidence in peripheral neighborhoods of the city. Additionally, correlation analysis indicated an association between STI occurrence and lower socioeconomic conditions. Conclusions These findings suggest that STI control strategies should be re-evaluated to enhance coverage among individuals with the sociodemographic profile identified in this study, underscoring the need to broaden prevention strategies beyond traditionally defined key populations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9a86e66da6a149698bc03695bd283bd1 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-9a86e66da6a149698bc03695bd283bd12025-08-20T03:04:17ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-07-0125111410.1186/s12889-025-23589-0Rethinking STI control strategies: epidemiological and social determinants insights from a combined ecological and cross-sectional study in a Brazilian capitalPaula Knoch Mendonça Gil0Alisson André Ribeiro1Camila Guadeluppe Maciel2Márcio José de Medeiros3Cláudia Du Bocage Santos-Pinto4Everton Falcão de Oliveira5Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulFaculdade de Engenharias, Arquitetura e Urbanismo e Geografia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulSecretaria Municipal de SaúdeCentro Multidisciplinar UFRJ-Macaé, Instituto Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroFaculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulAbstract Background Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with substantial adverse outcomes, including genital symptoms, pregnancy complications, infertility, increased risk of HIV transmission, and significant psychosocial impacts. Identifying priority areas for action and key elements to inform discussions on expanding access to STI prevention measures, including HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), is essential for planning effective control strategies. Methods This ecological study aimed to analyze the occurrence of notifiable STIs using data from a medium-sized state capital during the five years preceding the introduction of PrEP. Data on confirmed cases of notifiable STIs (HIV/AIDS, syphilis, and viral hepatitis) reported to the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) in Campo Grande from 2014 to 2018, along with socioeconomic and demographic data, were assessed. Spatial analysis methods were used to identify clusters and areas with increased risk of STI occurrence. Results A total of 10,074 STI cases were reported to SINAN. Syphilis was the most frequently reported infection, accounting for 78.6% of cases, followed by HIV/AIDS (19.5%) and hepatitis B (1.9%). Higher risk for all three STIs was observed among non-white men over the age of 20 low educational attainment. Among HIV cases specifically, heterosexual individuals were the most affected, based on available data regarding sexual orientation. Spatial analysis revealed clusters of high incidence in peripheral neighborhoods of the city. Additionally, correlation analysis indicated an association between STI occurrence and lower socioeconomic conditions. Conclusions These findings suggest that STI control strategies should be re-evaluated to enhance coverage among individuals with the sociodemographic profile identified in this study, underscoring the need to broaden prevention strategies beyond traditionally defined key populations.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23589-0Sexually transmitted infectionsPre-Exposure prophylaxisDisease reportingHealth profileHepatitis B virusSyphilis |
| spellingShingle | Paula Knoch Mendonça Gil Alisson André Ribeiro Camila Guadeluppe Maciel Márcio José de Medeiros Cláudia Du Bocage Santos-Pinto Everton Falcão de Oliveira Rethinking STI control strategies: epidemiological and social determinants insights from a combined ecological and cross-sectional study in a Brazilian capital BMC Public Health Sexually transmitted infections Pre-Exposure prophylaxis Disease reporting Health profile Hepatitis B virus Syphilis |
| title | Rethinking STI control strategies: epidemiological and social determinants insights from a combined ecological and cross-sectional study in a Brazilian capital |
| title_full | Rethinking STI control strategies: epidemiological and social determinants insights from a combined ecological and cross-sectional study in a Brazilian capital |
| title_fullStr | Rethinking STI control strategies: epidemiological and social determinants insights from a combined ecological and cross-sectional study in a Brazilian capital |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rethinking STI control strategies: epidemiological and social determinants insights from a combined ecological and cross-sectional study in a Brazilian capital |
| title_short | Rethinking STI control strategies: epidemiological and social determinants insights from a combined ecological and cross-sectional study in a Brazilian capital |
| title_sort | rethinking sti control strategies epidemiological and social determinants insights from a combined ecological and cross sectional study in a brazilian capital |
| topic | Sexually transmitted infections Pre-Exposure prophylaxis Disease reporting Health profile Hepatitis B virus Syphilis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23589-0 |
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