Genome-Wide Identification and Exogenous Hormone and Stress Response Expression Analysis of the <i>GARP</i> Gene Family in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>)

Genome-Wide Identification and Exogenous Hormone and Stress Response Expression Analysis of the <i>GARP</i> Gene Family in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>)

The GARP transcription factor family is integral to the regulation of plant growth, development, hormone signaling pathways, circadian rhythms, and responses to both biotic and abiotic stressors. Despite its recognized importance, a comprehensive characterization of the <i>GARP</i> gene...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lijun Cai, Zhenhua Guo, Junjie Ding, Zhijia Gai, Jingqi Liu, Qingying Meng, Xu Yang, Na Zhang, Qingsheng Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Agriculture
Subjects:
genome-wide analysis
<i>GARP</i> transcription factors
exogenous hormone
stress response
molecular interactions
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2109
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Summary:The GARP transcription factor family is integral to the regulation of plant growth, development, hormone signaling pathways, circadian rhythms, and responses to both biotic and abiotic stressors. Despite its recognized importance, a comprehensive characterization of the <i>GARP</i> gene family in <i>Glycine max</i> remains unexplored. In this study, we identified 126 <i>GmGARP</i> genes across the 16 chromosomes of <i>G. max</i> and elucidated their diverse physicochemical properties. Phylogenetic classification grouped the <i>GmGARP</i> genes into eight distinct subfamilies, based on conserved motifs and gene structures, suggesting functional and evolutionary conservation within these clusters. The discovery of 56 segmentally duplicated gene pairs highlights gene duplication as a key driver of family expansion. Promoter analysis revealed various cis-regulatory elements, while expression profiling demonstrated that <i>GmGARP</i> genes possess significant tissue specificity. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis indicated that <i>GmGARP</i> genes are highly responsive to exogenous hormones, such as ABA, MeJA, and GA, as well as to abiotic stresses, including cold, salt, and drought conditions. Notably, <i>GmGARP120</i> and <i>GmGARP98</i> contain specific cis-elements linked to hormone responses, with their interaction verified through yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays. Additionally, 11,195 potential target genes were predicted, underscoring the regulatory potential of the GmGARP transcription factors. These findings provide significant insights into the <i>GmGARP</i> gene family, laying a strong foundation for future studies on its role in <i>G. max</i> development and adaptive responses to environmental stressors.
ISSN:2077-0472

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