Causal relationships between metabolic syndrome, plasma metabolites, and female reproductive diseases: insights from a two-step mendelian randomization approach

Causal relationships between metabolic syndrome, plasma metabolites, and female reproductive diseases: insights from a two-step mendelian randomization approach

Abstract Background Female reproductive diseases—including endometriosis (EMs), uterine fibroids (UFs), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), eclampsia, ectopic pregnancy (EP), infertility, miscarriage, and ovarian aging—pose significant global health challenges. Met...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Li Li, Juanjuan Ma, Ningyu Sun, Panwei Hu, Yi Lin, Qinhua Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-06-01
Series:Nutrition & Metabolism
Subjects:
Eclampsia
Female reproductive diseases
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Metabolic syndrome
Mendelian randomization
Miscarriage
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00955-8
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