Gut Microbiota as a Driver of Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the consequent burden of metabolic syndrome have increased in recent years. Although the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is not completely understood, it is thought to be the hepatic manifestation of the dysregulation of insulin...

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Main Authors: Stefano Bibbò, Gianluca Ianiro, Maria Pina Dore, Claudia Simonelli, Estelle E. Newton, Giovanni Cammarota
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2018-01-01
Series:Mediators of Inflammation
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9321643
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author Stefano Bibbò
Gianluca Ianiro
Maria Pina Dore
Claudia Simonelli
Estelle E. Newton
Giovanni Cammarota
author_facet Stefano Bibbò
Gianluca Ianiro
Maria Pina Dore
Claudia Simonelli
Estelle E. Newton
Giovanni Cammarota
author_sort Stefano Bibbò
collection DOAJ
description The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the consequent burden of metabolic syndrome have increased in recent years. Although the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is not completely understood, it is thought to be the hepatic manifestation of the dysregulation of insulin-dependent pathways leading to insulin resistance and adipose tissue accumulation in the liver. Recently, the gut-liver axis has been proposed as a key player in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, as the passage of bacteria-derived products into the portal circulation could lead to a trigger of innate immunity, which in turn leads to liver inflammation. Additionally, higher prevalence of intestinal dysbiosis, larger production of endogenous ethanol, and higher prevalence of increased intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation were found in patients with liver injury. In this review, we describe the role of intestinal dysbiosis in the activation of the inflammatory cascade in NAFLD.
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spelling doaj-art-9a310173a7bd447c962ee4d9bf4e8a702025-08-20T02:20:15ZengWileyMediators of Inflammation0962-93511466-18612018-01-01201810.1155/2018/93216439321643Gut Microbiota as a Driver of Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseStefano Bibbò0Gianluca Ianiro1Maria Pina Dore2Claudia Simonelli3Estelle E. Newton4Giovanni Cammarota5Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, ItalyDepartment of Gastroenterology, Catholic University, School of Medicine and Surgery, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, ItalyDepartment of Gastroenterology, Catholic University, School of Medicine and Surgery, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, ItalyCytoCure LLC, Beverly, MA, USADepartment of Gastroenterology, Catholic University, School of Medicine and Surgery, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, ItalyThe prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the consequent burden of metabolic syndrome have increased in recent years. Although the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is not completely understood, it is thought to be the hepatic manifestation of the dysregulation of insulin-dependent pathways leading to insulin resistance and adipose tissue accumulation in the liver. Recently, the gut-liver axis has been proposed as a key player in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, as the passage of bacteria-derived products into the portal circulation could lead to a trigger of innate immunity, which in turn leads to liver inflammation. Additionally, higher prevalence of intestinal dysbiosis, larger production of endogenous ethanol, and higher prevalence of increased intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation were found in patients with liver injury. In this review, we describe the role of intestinal dysbiosis in the activation of the inflammatory cascade in NAFLD.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9321643
spellingShingle Stefano Bibbò
Gianluca Ianiro
Maria Pina Dore
Claudia Simonelli
Estelle E. Newton
Giovanni Cammarota
Gut Microbiota as a Driver of Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Mediators of Inflammation
title Gut Microbiota as a Driver of Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_full Gut Microbiota as a Driver of Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_fullStr Gut Microbiota as a Driver of Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_full_unstemmed Gut Microbiota as a Driver of Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_short Gut Microbiota as a Driver of Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_sort gut microbiota as a driver of inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9321643
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