Gender Polarization and Sociodemographic Axes in Canada

Although quantitative social scientists have examined how self-perceptions of masculinity and femininity vary by sociodemographic axes, gender polarization has rarely been studied. This concept captures gender subjectivities in ways that reflect how many individuals understand themselves as having a...

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Main Authors: Tony Silva, Sophia Dimitrakopoulos, Emily Huddart
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2025-07-01
Series:Socius
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231251355660
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author Tony Silva
Sophia Dimitrakopoulos
Emily Huddart
author_facet Tony Silva
Sophia Dimitrakopoulos
Emily Huddart
author_sort Tony Silva
collection DOAJ
description Although quantitative social scientists have examined how self-perceptions of masculinity and femininity vary by sociodemographic axes, gender polarization has rarely been studied. This concept captures gender subjectivities in ways that reflect how many individuals understand themselves as having a mixture of masculine and feminine characteristics, helping align survey measures with how gender theorists and qualitative scholars have examined gender. It is measured as the absolute value of the difference between self-rated masculinity and femininity. For example, if someone rated themselves as a 4 of 7 on masculinity and a 7 of 7 on femininity, their gender polarization value would be 3. In contrast, if someone rated themselves as a 1 of 7 on masculinity (the lowest value) and a 7 of 7 on femininity, their value would be 6. The authors examine this metric in a probability sample of Canadians. Gender polarization differed by political ideology, sexual identity, and age cohort for both women and men. For men only, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, and rural or urban location were related to gender polarization. These results highlight how social and structural contexts both shape and constrain how individuals perceive themselves in gendered ways.
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spelling doaj-art-9a2dfc1fe2af447c884a594ef1e8dbfd2025-08-20T03:50:07ZengSAGE PublishingSocius2378-02312025-07-011110.1177/23780231251355660Gender Polarization and Sociodemographic Axes in CanadaTony Silva0Sophia Dimitrakopoulos1Emily Huddart2University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaUniversity of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaUniversity of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaAlthough quantitative social scientists have examined how self-perceptions of masculinity and femininity vary by sociodemographic axes, gender polarization has rarely been studied. This concept captures gender subjectivities in ways that reflect how many individuals understand themselves as having a mixture of masculine and feminine characteristics, helping align survey measures with how gender theorists and qualitative scholars have examined gender. It is measured as the absolute value of the difference between self-rated masculinity and femininity. For example, if someone rated themselves as a 4 of 7 on masculinity and a 7 of 7 on femininity, their gender polarization value would be 3. In contrast, if someone rated themselves as a 1 of 7 on masculinity (the lowest value) and a 7 of 7 on femininity, their value would be 6. The authors examine this metric in a probability sample of Canadians. Gender polarization differed by political ideology, sexual identity, and age cohort for both women and men. For men only, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, and rural or urban location were related to gender polarization. These results highlight how social and structural contexts both shape and constrain how individuals perceive themselves in gendered ways.https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231251355660
spellingShingle Tony Silva
Sophia Dimitrakopoulos
Emily Huddart
Gender Polarization and Sociodemographic Axes in Canada
Socius
title Gender Polarization and Sociodemographic Axes in Canada
title_full Gender Polarization and Sociodemographic Axes in Canada
title_fullStr Gender Polarization and Sociodemographic Axes in Canada
title_full_unstemmed Gender Polarization and Sociodemographic Axes in Canada
title_short Gender Polarization and Sociodemographic Axes in Canada
title_sort gender polarization and sociodemographic axes in canada
url https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231251355660
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