Investigating the Effect of Two Interstocks, Changshanhuyou and Ponkan, on the Fruit Quality and Volatile Flavor of Cocktail Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf. cv. Cocktail)
Citrus cultivars are propagated asexually through methods such as layering, cutting, and grafting. Grafting plays a critical role in regulating citrus fruit quality by optimizing stock–scion combinations. This study evaluated the grafting compatibility of two interstocks with Cocktail grapefruits (&...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| author | Fuzhi Ke Zhenpeng Nie Xiu Huang Changjiang Cui Yi Yang Jianguo Xu Luoyun Wang Lifang Sun |
| author_facet | Fuzhi Ke Zhenpeng Nie Xiu Huang Changjiang Cui Yi Yang Jianguo Xu Luoyun Wang Lifang Sun |
| author_sort | Fuzhi Ke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Citrus cultivars are propagated asexually through methods such as layering, cutting, and grafting. Grafting plays a critical role in regulating citrus fruit quality by optimizing stock–scion combinations. This study evaluated the grafting compatibility of two interstocks with Cocktail grapefruits (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf. cv. Cocktail) by analyzing physiological and volatile traits of the fruits. We used Changshanhuyou (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> cv. Changshanhuyou) and Ponkan (<i>Citrus reticulata</i> Blanco cv. Ponkan), which are traditional citrus varieties in Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, as interstocks. Our results showed that the grapefruit fruits grafted onto Changshanhuyou exhibited higher total soluble solids (12.3 °Brix) and a brighter, more uniform peel color. The acidity of fruits grafted onto Changshanhuyou was lower than that of fruits grafted onto Ponkan and similar to the fruits from the control group that were grafted directly onto trifoliate orange. In terms of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 974 and 577 unique VOCs were identified in the peel and pulp, respectively. In the peel, 34 (26 upregulated and 8 downregulated) and 14 (13 upregulated and 1 downregulated) differentially accumulated VOCs were identified when comparing the trifoliate orange group with Changshanhuyou and Ponkan groups, respectively. The pulp exhibited greater VOC diversity, with 272 (24 upregulated and 248 downregulated) and 199 (4 upregulated and 195 downregulated) differentially accumulated VOCs detected for the same comparisons. In conclusion, compared with direct grafting onto trifoliate orange or on Ponkan as an interstock, grafting onto Changshanhuyou resulted in better fruit quality and distinct differences in flesh flavor. These findings suggest that Changshanhuyou is a more suitable interstock for Cocktail grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf. cv. Cocktail) cultivation. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj-art-9a2cbea823864db3abe5870eff64ae7b2025-08-20T02:18:11ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242025-04-0111440310.3390/horticulturae11040403Investigating the Effect of Two Interstocks, Changshanhuyou and Ponkan, on the Fruit Quality and Volatile Flavor of Cocktail Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf. cv. Cocktail)Fuzhi Ke0Zhenpeng Nie1Xiu Huang2Changjiang Cui3Yi Yang4Jianguo Xu5Luoyun Wang6Lifang Sun7Institute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaInstitute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaInstitute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaInstitute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaInstitute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaInstitute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaInstitute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaInstitute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaCitrus cultivars are propagated asexually through methods such as layering, cutting, and grafting. Grafting plays a critical role in regulating citrus fruit quality by optimizing stock–scion combinations. This study evaluated the grafting compatibility of two interstocks with Cocktail grapefruits (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf. cv. Cocktail) by analyzing physiological and volatile traits of the fruits. We used Changshanhuyou (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> cv. Changshanhuyou) and Ponkan (<i>Citrus reticulata</i> Blanco cv. Ponkan), which are traditional citrus varieties in Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, as interstocks. Our results showed that the grapefruit fruits grafted onto Changshanhuyou exhibited higher total soluble solids (12.3 °Brix) and a brighter, more uniform peel color. The acidity of fruits grafted onto Changshanhuyou was lower than that of fruits grafted onto Ponkan and similar to the fruits from the control group that were grafted directly onto trifoliate orange. In terms of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 974 and 577 unique VOCs were identified in the peel and pulp, respectively. In the peel, 34 (26 upregulated and 8 downregulated) and 14 (13 upregulated and 1 downregulated) differentially accumulated VOCs were identified when comparing the trifoliate orange group with Changshanhuyou and Ponkan groups, respectively. The pulp exhibited greater VOC diversity, with 272 (24 upregulated and 248 downregulated) and 199 (4 upregulated and 195 downregulated) differentially accumulated VOCs detected for the same comparisons. In conclusion, compared with direct grafting onto trifoliate orange or on Ponkan as an interstock, grafting onto Changshanhuyou resulted in better fruit quality and distinct differences in flesh flavor. These findings suggest that Changshanhuyou is a more suitable interstock for Cocktail grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf. cv. Cocktail) cultivation.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/4/403cocktail grapefruitinterstockgraftfruit qualityvolatile flavor |
| spellingShingle | Fuzhi Ke Zhenpeng Nie Xiu Huang Changjiang Cui Yi Yang Jianguo Xu Luoyun Wang Lifang Sun Investigating the Effect of Two Interstocks, Changshanhuyou and Ponkan, on the Fruit Quality and Volatile Flavor of Cocktail Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf. cv. Cocktail) Horticulturae cocktail grapefruit interstock graft fruit quality volatile flavor |
| title | Investigating the Effect of Two Interstocks, Changshanhuyou and Ponkan, on the Fruit Quality and Volatile Flavor of Cocktail Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf. cv. Cocktail) |
| title_full | Investigating the Effect of Two Interstocks, Changshanhuyou and Ponkan, on the Fruit Quality and Volatile Flavor of Cocktail Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf. cv. Cocktail) |
| title_fullStr | Investigating the Effect of Two Interstocks, Changshanhuyou and Ponkan, on the Fruit Quality and Volatile Flavor of Cocktail Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf. cv. Cocktail) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating the Effect of Two Interstocks, Changshanhuyou and Ponkan, on the Fruit Quality and Volatile Flavor of Cocktail Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf. cv. Cocktail) |
| title_short | Investigating the Effect of Two Interstocks, Changshanhuyou and Ponkan, on the Fruit Quality and Volatile Flavor of Cocktail Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i> Macf. cv. Cocktail) |
| title_sort | investigating the effect of two interstocks changshanhuyou and ponkan on the fruit quality and volatile flavor of cocktail grapefruit i citrus paradisi i macf cv cocktail |
| topic | cocktail grapefruit interstock graft fruit quality volatile flavor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/4/403 |
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