A Monte Carlo Tree Search-Based Load Balancing Algorithm for 6G Indoor Heterogeneous Networks
With the advent of 6G networks, efficient load balancing in indoor heterogeneous networks has become critical to address the proliferation of connected devices and the demand for high data rates. This paper introduces a Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS)-based load balancing algorithm for 6G indoor hete...
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| Format: | Article |
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10988842/ |
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| author | Guanghui Ma Syifaul Fuada Marcos Katz |
| author_facet | Guanghui Ma Syifaul Fuada Marcos Katz |
| author_sort | Guanghui Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the advent of 6G networks, efficient load balancing in indoor heterogeneous networks has become critical to address the proliferation of connected devices and the demand for high data rates. This paper introduces a Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS)-based load balancing algorithm for 6G indoor heterogeneous networks, exemplified by hybrid visible light communication (VLC) and radio frequency (RF) systems. By dynamically predicting future network states, the proposed algorithm optimally distributes traffic, improving overall network performance. Simulation results show that the proposed MCTS-based method increases average user throughput by 13-60%, reduces handover rates by around 50%, and lowers latency by 15-50% as compared to benchmark methods while maintaining balanced computational complexity. These findings highlight the potential of MCTS as an effective and scalable solution for load balancing in complex 6G network environments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9a1ae225afce4ff1acd6e4ab01b2af55 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-9a1ae225afce4ff1acd6e4ab01b2af552025-08-20T03:12:27ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113895708958110.1109/ACCESS.2025.356747010988842A Monte Carlo Tree Search-Based Load Balancing Algorithm for 6G Indoor Heterogeneous NetworksGuanghui Ma0Syifaul Fuada1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5258-5149Marcos Katz2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9901-5023Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandCentre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandCentre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandWith the advent of 6G networks, efficient load balancing in indoor heterogeneous networks has become critical to address the proliferation of connected devices and the demand for high data rates. This paper introduces a Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS)-based load balancing algorithm for 6G indoor heterogeneous networks, exemplified by hybrid visible light communication (VLC) and radio frequency (RF) systems. By dynamically predicting future network states, the proposed algorithm optimally distributes traffic, improving overall network performance. Simulation results show that the proposed MCTS-based method increases average user throughput by 13-60%, reduces handover rates by around 50%, and lowers latency by 15-50% as compared to benchmark methods while maintaining balanced computational complexity. These findings highlight the potential of MCTS as an effective and scalable solution for load balancing in complex 6G network environments.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10988842/6Gload balancingheterogeneous networksMonte Carlo tree search (MCTS)radio frequency (RF)visible light communication (VLC) |
| spellingShingle | Guanghui Ma Syifaul Fuada Marcos Katz A Monte Carlo Tree Search-Based Load Balancing Algorithm for 6G Indoor Heterogeneous Networks IEEE Access 6G load balancing heterogeneous networks Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) radio frequency (RF) visible light communication (VLC) |
| title | A Monte Carlo Tree Search-Based Load Balancing Algorithm for 6G Indoor Heterogeneous Networks |
| title_full | A Monte Carlo Tree Search-Based Load Balancing Algorithm for 6G Indoor Heterogeneous Networks |
| title_fullStr | A Monte Carlo Tree Search-Based Load Balancing Algorithm for 6G Indoor Heterogeneous Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Monte Carlo Tree Search-Based Load Balancing Algorithm for 6G Indoor Heterogeneous Networks |
| title_short | A Monte Carlo Tree Search-Based Load Balancing Algorithm for 6G Indoor Heterogeneous Networks |
| title_sort | monte carlo tree search based load balancing algorithm for 6g indoor heterogeneous networks |
| topic | 6G load balancing heterogeneous networks Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) radio frequency (RF) visible light communication (VLC) |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10988842/ |
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