Mapping of the susceptibility of China‒Russia crude oil pipelines to water damage in permafrost regions in Northeast China

In permafrost regions, climate warming and extreme precipitation events, combined with rugged local terrains, pose considerable threats of water damage to buried crude oil pipelines. However, the susceptibility to water damage in these areas has received limited attention and research. Aiming to eva...

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Main Authors: Wen-Hui Wang, Hui-Jun Jin, Xiao-Ying Jin, Zi-Kang Ming, Xin-Yu Li, Yan Li, Xiao-Ying Li, Tao Zhan, Guang-Yin Xue, Fu-Qiang Che, Gang-Yi Zhou, Wei Wang, Valetin V. Spektor, Nikita Tananaev, Moisei Zakharov, David-R. Şerban, Hong-Wei Wang, Ze Zhang, Leonid Gagarin, Guo-Yu Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2025-04-01
Series:Advances in Climate Change Research
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927825000814
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author Wen-Hui Wang
Hui-Jun Jin
Xiao-Ying Jin
Zi-Kang Ming
Xin-Yu Li
Yan Li
Xiao-Ying Li
Tao Zhan
Guang-Yin Xue
Fu-Qiang Che
Gang-Yi Zhou
Wei Wang
Valetin V. Spektor
Nikita Tananaev
Moisei Zakharov
David-R. Şerban
Hong-Wei Wang
Ze Zhang
Leonid Gagarin
Guo-Yu Li
author_facet Wen-Hui Wang
Hui-Jun Jin
Xiao-Ying Jin
Zi-Kang Ming
Xin-Yu Li
Yan Li
Xiao-Ying Li
Tao Zhan
Guang-Yin Xue
Fu-Qiang Che
Gang-Yi Zhou
Wei Wang
Valetin V. Spektor
Nikita Tananaev
Moisei Zakharov
David-R. Şerban
Hong-Wei Wang
Ze Zhang
Leonid Gagarin
Guo-Yu Li
author_sort Wen-Hui Wang
collection DOAJ
description In permafrost regions, climate warming and extreme precipitation events, combined with rugged local terrains, pose considerable threats of water damage to buried crude oil pipelines. However, the susceptibility to water damage in these areas has received limited attention and research. Aiming to evaluate the susceptibility to water damage (STWD) of the China‒Russia Crude Oil Pipelines (CRCOPs) I and II, random forest (RF) algorithms, correlation analysis of influencing factors and on-site surveys were employed. The assessment, based on RF algorithms, field survey data from 2019 to 2022 and 14 geographically related factors, reveals that approximately 14.5% of the study area demonstrates high STWD, indicating a generally low risk of STWD across most segments of the CRCOPs. The pipeline segments between Wu’erqi–Jagdaqi and Jingsong–Xinlin display the highest STWD. Areas with high STWD typically experience ample precipitation, flow accumulation in flat, low-lying terrains, low surface roughness, over unconsolidated deposits and warm (>−1 °C) Xing’an (hemiboreal) permafrost and proximity to rivers. This study not only enhances theoretical understanding of mitigating water damage to pipeline foundations in cold regions but also offers important technical insights for the sustainable operation of these lifeline infrastructures. Future research should focus on continuous monitoring of pipeline foundation soil safety, improving numerical models for pipeline river crossing evaluations and refining water damage risks assessment through deep learning-based models.
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spelling doaj-art-9a1990566abb43a3931e4ca2fdfdf3eb2025-08-20T03:55:22ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Advances in Climate Change Research1674-92782025-04-0116228429710.1016/j.accre.2025.04.007Mapping of the susceptibility of China‒Russia crude oil pipelines to water damage in permafrost regions in Northeast ChinaWen-Hui Wang0Hui-Jun Jin1Xiao-Ying Jin2Zi-Kang Ming3Xin-Yu Li4Yan Li5Xiao-Ying Li6Tao Zhan7Guang-Yin Xue8Fu-Qiang Che9Gang-Yi Zhou10Wei Wang11Valetin V. Spektor12Nikita Tananaev13Moisei Zakharov14David-R. Şerban15Hong-Wei Wang16Ze Zhang17Leonid Gagarin18Guo-Yu Li19School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Institute of Cold-regions Science and Engineering, and School of Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk 677010, RussiaSchool of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Institute of Cold-regions Science and Engineering, and School of Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Joint Field Observation and Research Station of Permafrost and Cold Regions Environment in the Da Xing’anling Mountains at Mo’he, Northeast China (Ministry of Natural Resources), Heilongjiang Resources Survey Institute of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150036, China; National Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science and Frozen Soils Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Corresponding author. School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Institute of Cold-regions Science and Engineering, and School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Institute of Cold-regions Science and Engineering, and School of Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Joint Field Observation and Research Station of Permafrost and Cold Regions Environment in the Da Xing’anling Mountains at Mo’he, Northeast China (Ministry of Natural Resources), Heilongjiang Resources Survey Institute of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150036, ChinaSchool of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Institute of Cold-regions Science and Engineering, and School of Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science and Frozen Soils Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science and Frozen Soils Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaJoint Field Observation and Research Station of Permafrost and Cold Regions Environment in the Da Xing’anling Mountains at Mo’he, Northeast China (Ministry of Natural Resources), Heilongjiang Resources Survey Institute of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150036, ChinaJoint Field Observation and Research Station of Permafrost and Cold Regions Environment in the Da Xing’anling Mountains at Mo’he, Northeast China (Ministry of Natural Resources), Heilongjiang Resources Survey Institute of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150036, ChinaForest Resources Monitoring Center of Key State-owned Forests Regions, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ministry of Natural Resources, Jagdaqi 165000, ChinaForest Resources Monitoring Center of Key State-owned Forests Regions, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ministry of Natural Resources, Jagdaqi 165000, ChinaJagdaqi Oil&Gas Transport Sub-company, China National Petroleum Co., Jagdaqi 165100, ChinaMelnikov Permafrost Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk 677010, RussiaMelnikov Permafrost Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk 677010, Russia; North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk 677010, RussiaNorth-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk 677010, RussiaNational Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science and Frozen Soils Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Bolzano 39100, Italy; Faculty of Agricultural, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano 39100, ItalySchool of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Institute of Cold-regions Science and Engineering, and School of Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; National Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science and Frozen Soils Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaSchool of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Institute of Cold-regions Science and Engineering, and School of Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Joint Field Observation and Research Station of Permafrost and Cold Regions Environment in the Da Xing’anling Mountains at Mo’he, Northeast China (Ministry of Natural Resources), Heilongjiang Resources Survey Institute of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150036, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science and Frozen Soils Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Melnikov Permafrost Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk 677010, RussiaNational Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science and Frozen Soils Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaIn permafrost regions, climate warming and extreme precipitation events, combined with rugged local terrains, pose considerable threats of water damage to buried crude oil pipelines. However, the susceptibility to water damage in these areas has received limited attention and research. Aiming to evaluate the susceptibility to water damage (STWD) of the China‒Russia Crude Oil Pipelines (CRCOPs) I and II, random forest (RF) algorithms, correlation analysis of influencing factors and on-site surveys were employed. The assessment, based on RF algorithms, field survey data from 2019 to 2022 and 14 geographically related factors, reveals that approximately 14.5% of the study area demonstrates high STWD, indicating a generally low risk of STWD across most segments of the CRCOPs. The pipeline segments between Wu’erqi–Jagdaqi and Jingsong–Xinlin display the highest STWD. Areas with high STWD typically experience ample precipitation, flow accumulation in flat, low-lying terrains, low surface roughness, over unconsolidated deposits and warm (>−1 °C) Xing’an (hemiboreal) permafrost and proximity to rivers. This study not only enhances theoretical understanding of mitigating water damage to pipeline foundations in cold regions but also offers important technical insights for the sustainable operation of these lifeline infrastructures. Future research should focus on continuous monitoring of pipeline foundation soil safety, improving numerical models for pipeline river crossing evaluations and refining water damage risks assessment through deep learning-based models.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927825000814China‒Russia crude oil pipelinesPipeline susceptibility to water damageXing’an permafrostRandom forestInfluencing factors
spellingShingle Wen-Hui Wang
Hui-Jun Jin
Xiao-Ying Jin
Zi-Kang Ming
Xin-Yu Li
Yan Li
Xiao-Ying Li
Tao Zhan
Guang-Yin Xue
Fu-Qiang Che
Gang-Yi Zhou
Wei Wang
Valetin V. Spektor
Nikita Tananaev
Moisei Zakharov
David-R. Şerban
Hong-Wei Wang
Ze Zhang
Leonid Gagarin
Guo-Yu Li
Mapping of the susceptibility of China‒Russia crude oil pipelines to water damage in permafrost regions in Northeast China
Advances in Climate Change Research
China‒Russia crude oil pipelines
Pipeline susceptibility to water damage
Xing’an permafrost
Random forest
Influencing factors
title Mapping of the susceptibility of China‒Russia crude oil pipelines to water damage in permafrost regions in Northeast China
title_full Mapping of the susceptibility of China‒Russia crude oil pipelines to water damage in permafrost regions in Northeast China
title_fullStr Mapping of the susceptibility of China‒Russia crude oil pipelines to water damage in permafrost regions in Northeast China
title_full_unstemmed Mapping of the susceptibility of China‒Russia crude oil pipelines to water damage in permafrost regions in Northeast China
title_short Mapping of the susceptibility of China‒Russia crude oil pipelines to water damage in permafrost regions in Northeast China
title_sort mapping of the susceptibility of china russia crude oil pipelines to water damage in permafrost regions in northeast china
topic China‒Russia crude oil pipelines
Pipeline susceptibility to water damage
Xing’an permafrost
Random forest
Influencing factors
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927825000814
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