The weight-adjusted-waist index predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertension
BackgroundWeight-adjusted-waist (WWI) is a novel indicator of obesity that reflects the degree of central obesity in the human body.ObjectivesThe study aimed to explore the relationship between WWI and mortality in hypertensive individuals.MethodsCross-sectional data from the 2001–2018 National Heal...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1501551/full |
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| author | Yu Zheng Zixing Nie Yifan Zhang Tao Sun |
| author_facet | Yu Zheng Zixing Nie Yifan Zhang Tao Sun |
| author_sort | Yu Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundWeight-adjusted-waist (WWI) is a novel indicator of obesity that reflects the degree of central obesity in the human body.ObjectivesThe study aimed to explore the relationship between WWI and mortality in hypertensive individuals.MethodsCross-sectional data from the 2001–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset were used in this study. The relationship between WWI and mortality was assessed using a weighted Cox proportional risk model; the nonlinear relationship was explored using restricted cubic splines. The robustness of the results was verified by subgroup and sensitivity analyses.ResultsA cohort of 11,556 people with a diagnosis of hypertension was included in this study. As a continuous variable, WWI was linked to higher rates of mortality from all-cause (HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.14, 1.33) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.23, 1.66) with hypertension in Model 3 adjusted for variables. Using WWI as a tertile categorical variable, individuals in the highest tertile had a 33% higher risk of all-cause death (HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.14, 1.56) and a 65% higher risk of CVD death (HR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.19, 2.27) than individuals in the lowest tertile. According to the subgroup analysis, almost all groups showed a consistent positive correlation between WWI and mortality related to all-cause and CVD.ConclusionIn adults with hypertension, there is a positive association between WWI and all-cause and CVD mortality. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9a049326034a44089dd974786685b43b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-9a049326034a44089dd974786685b43b2025-02-10T06:49:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2025-02-011210.3389/fcvm.2025.15015511501551The weight-adjusted-waist index predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensionYu Zheng0Zixing Nie1Yifan Zhang2Tao Sun3The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaThe First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaThe First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, ChinaBackgroundWeight-adjusted-waist (WWI) is a novel indicator of obesity that reflects the degree of central obesity in the human body.ObjectivesThe study aimed to explore the relationship between WWI and mortality in hypertensive individuals.MethodsCross-sectional data from the 2001–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset were used in this study. The relationship between WWI and mortality was assessed using a weighted Cox proportional risk model; the nonlinear relationship was explored using restricted cubic splines. The robustness of the results was verified by subgroup and sensitivity analyses.ResultsA cohort of 11,556 people with a diagnosis of hypertension was included in this study. As a continuous variable, WWI was linked to higher rates of mortality from all-cause (HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.14, 1.33) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.23, 1.66) with hypertension in Model 3 adjusted for variables. Using WWI as a tertile categorical variable, individuals in the highest tertile had a 33% higher risk of all-cause death (HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.14, 1.56) and a 65% higher risk of CVD death (HR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.19, 2.27) than individuals in the lowest tertile. According to the subgroup analysis, almost all groups showed a consistent positive correlation between WWI and mortality related to all-cause and CVD.ConclusionIn adults with hypertension, there is a positive association between WWI and all-cause and CVD mortality.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1501551/fullweight-adjusted-waist indexhypertensionobesityNHANESmortality |
| spellingShingle | Yu Zheng Zixing Nie Yifan Zhang Tao Sun The weight-adjusted-waist index predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertension Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine weight-adjusted-waist index hypertension obesity NHANES mortality |
| title | The weight-adjusted-waist index predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertension |
| title_full | The weight-adjusted-waist index predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertension |
| title_fullStr | The weight-adjusted-waist index predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertension |
| title_full_unstemmed | The weight-adjusted-waist index predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertension |
| title_short | The weight-adjusted-waist index predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertension |
| title_sort | weight adjusted waist index predicts all cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertension |
| topic | weight-adjusted-waist index hypertension obesity NHANES mortality |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1501551/full |
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