Precision-induced localized molten liquid metal stamps for damage-free transfer printing of ultrathin membranes and 3D objects
Abstract Transfer printing, a crucial technique for heterogeneous integration, has gained attention for enabling unconventional layouts and high-performance electronic systems. Elastomer stamps are typically used for transfer printing, where localized heating for elastomer stamp can effectively cont...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53184-7 |
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| author | Chuanqian Shi Jing Jiang Chenglong Li Chenhong Chen Wei Jian Jizhou Song |
| author_facet | Chuanqian Shi Jing Jiang Chenglong Li Chenhong Chen Wei Jian Jizhou Song |
| author_sort | Chuanqian Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Transfer printing, a crucial technique for heterogeneous integration, has gained attention for enabling unconventional layouts and high-performance electronic systems. Elastomer stamps are typically used for transfer printing, where localized heating for elastomer stamp can effectively control the transfer process. A key challenge is the potential damage to ultrathin membranes from the contact force of elastic stamps, especially with fragile inorganic nanomembranes. Herein, we present a precision-induced localized molten technique that employs either laser-induced transient heating or hotplate-induced directional heating to precisely melt solid gallium (Ga). By leveraging the fluidity of localized molten Ga, which provides gentle contact force and exceptional conformal adaptability, this technique avoids damage to fragile thin films and improves operational reliability compared to fully liquefied Ga stamps. Furthermore, the phase transition of Ga provides a reversible adhesion with high adhesion switchability. Once solidified, the Ga stamp hardens and securely adheres to the micro/nano-membrane during the pick-up process. The solidified stamp also exhibits the capability to maneuver arbitrarily shaped objects by generating a substantial grip force through the interlocking effects. Such a robust, damage-free, simply operable protocol illustrates its promising capabilities in transfer printing diverse ultrathin membranes and objects on complex surfaces for developing high-performance unconventional electronics. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-99ffc53b99dc475ca139eaf959b87a34 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-99ffc53b99dc475ca139eaf959b87a342025-08-20T02:17:53ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232024-10-0115111410.1038/s41467-024-53184-7Precision-induced localized molten liquid metal stamps for damage-free transfer printing of ultrathin membranes and 3D objectsChuanqian Shi0Jing Jiang1Chenglong Li2Chenhong Chen3Wei Jian4Jizhou Song5Center for Mechanics Plus under Extreme Environments, School of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Ningbo UniversityDepartment of Engineering Mechanics, Soft Matter Research Center, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang UniversityDepartment of Engineering Mechanics, Soft Matter Research Center, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang UniversityDepartment of Engineering Mechanics, Soft Matter Research Center, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang UniversityZhejiang-Italy Joint Lab for Smart Materials and Advanced Structures, School of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Ningbo UniversityDepartment of Engineering Mechanics, Soft Matter Research Center, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang UniversityAbstract Transfer printing, a crucial technique for heterogeneous integration, has gained attention for enabling unconventional layouts and high-performance electronic systems. Elastomer stamps are typically used for transfer printing, where localized heating for elastomer stamp can effectively control the transfer process. A key challenge is the potential damage to ultrathin membranes from the contact force of elastic stamps, especially with fragile inorganic nanomembranes. Herein, we present a precision-induced localized molten technique that employs either laser-induced transient heating or hotplate-induced directional heating to precisely melt solid gallium (Ga). By leveraging the fluidity of localized molten Ga, which provides gentle contact force and exceptional conformal adaptability, this technique avoids damage to fragile thin films and improves operational reliability compared to fully liquefied Ga stamps. Furthermore, the phase transition of Ga provides a reversible adhesion with high adhesion switchability. Once solidified, the Ga stamp hardens and securely adheres to the micro/nano-membrane during the pick-up process. The solidified stamp also exhibits the capability to maneuver arbitrarily shaped objects by generating a substantial grip force through the interlocking effects. Such a robust, damage-free, simply operable protocol illustrates its promising capabilities in transfer printing diverse ultrathin membranes and objects on complex surfaces for developing high-performance unconventional electronics.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53184-7 |
| spellingShingle | Chuanqian Shi Jing Jiang Chenglong Li Chenhong Chen Wei Jian Jizhou Song Precision-induced localized molten liquid metal stamps for damage-free transfer printing of ultrathin membranes and 3D objects Nature Communications |
| title | Precision-induced localized molten liquid metal stamps for damage-free transfer printing of ultrathin membranes and 3D objects |
| title_full | Precision-induced localized molten liquid metal stamps for damage-free transfer printing of ultrathin membranes and 3D objects |
| title_fullStr | Precision-induced localized molten liquid metal stamps for damage-free transfer printing of ultrathin membranes and 3D objects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Precision-induced localized molten liquid metal stamps for damage-free transfer printing of ultrathin membranes and 3D objects |
| title_short | Precision-induced localized molten liquid metal stamps for damage-free transfer printing of ultrathin membranes and 3D objects |
| title_sort | precision induced localized molten liquid metal stamps for damage free transfer printing of ultrathin membranes and 3d objects |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53184-7 |
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