Hydrological drivers of flooding in Niamey (Niger): the role of the Sirba River
In recent decades, floods have become a major global concern. In Niamey (Niger) in West Africa, flooding is primarily caused by the significant increase in surface runoff resulting from heavy rainfall occuring between July and September in the upstream river basins of the three major tributaries of...
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IOP Publishing
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Environmental Research Communications |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/adaac9 |
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| author | Idi Souley Tangam Roland Yonaba Boubacar Ibrahim Mahaman Moustapha Adamou Harouna Karambiri |
| author_facet | Idi Souley Tangam Roland Yonaba Boubacar Ibrahim Mahaman Moustapha Adamou Harouna Karambiri |
| author_sort | Idi Souley Tangam |
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| description | In recent decades, floods have become a major global concern. In Niamey (Niger) in West Africa, flooding is primarily caused by the significant increase in surface runoff resulting from heavy rainfall occuring between July and September in the upstream river basins of the three major tributaries of the Middle Niger River (Sirba, Gorouol ad Dargol catchments). While the Sirba is empirically considered as the largest driver to flooding in Niamey, its contribution have not been precisely established. This study analyzes the influence of these tributaries on the Niger River discharges at Niamey during the rainy season, with a particular focus on the Sirba River basin. Daily annual maximum discharge (AMAX) data from 1990 to 2022 timeseries are used as inputs to various statistical analyses, including trend analyses, change point detection, concordance analysis and flood dependency assessment. The results reveal a significant change point in 2009 and increasing trends between the Sirba and Niger River stations. The flood propagation time delay varies from 1 to 4 days between the upstream river basins tributaries and Niamey station, with a strong concordance in peak discharges, particularly dominant with the Sirba River. The Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) and the Gumbel copula analyses highlighted the significant control of the Sirba River basin on flooding in Niamey, while also highlighting the important roles played by other tributaries. These findings are crucial for improving flood prevention and further refine urban flood management strategies in Niamey and other cities globally, affected by fluvial floods. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2515-7620 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
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| series | Environmental Research Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-99ecd6411fc54573959b0ef46edf95922025-01-24T11:35:42ZengIOP PublishingEnvironmental Research Communications2515-76202025-01-017101502910.1088/2515-7620/adaac9Hydrological drivers of flooding in Niamey (Niger): the role of the Sirba RiverIdi Souley Tangam0https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7761-4008Roland Yonaba1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3835-9559Boubacar Ibrahim2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8535-477XMahaman Moustapha Adamou3https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0087-9009Harouna Karambiri4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4835-1427Laboratoire Eaux, Hydro-Systèmes et Agriculture (LEHSA), Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE) , Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey (UAM) , Niamey, NigerLaboratoire Eaux, Hydro-Systèmes et Agriculture (LEHSA), Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE) , Ouagadougou, Burkina FasoFaculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey (UAM) , Niamey, NigerFaculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey (UAM) , Niamey, NigerLaboratoire Eaux, Hydro-Systèmes et Agriculture (LEHSA), Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE) , Ouagadougou, Burkina FasoIn recent decades, floods have become a major global concern. In Niamey (Niger) in West Africa, flooding is primarily caused by the significant increase in surface runoff resulting from heavy rainfall occuring between July and September in the upstream river basins of the three major tributaries of the Middle Niger River (Sirba, Gorouol ad Dargol catchments). While the Sirba is empirically considered as the largest driver to flooding in Niamey, its contribution have not been precisely established. This study analyzes the influence of these tributaries on the Niger River discharges at Niamey during the rainy season, with a particular focus on the Sirba River basin. Daily annual maximum discharge (AMAX) data from 1990 to 2022 timeseries are used as inputs to various statistical analyses, including trend analyses, change point detection, concordance analysis and flood dependency assessment. The results reveal a significant change point in 2009 and increasing trends between the Sirba and Niger River stations. The flood propagation time delay varies from 1 to 4 days between the upstream river basins tributaries and Niamey station, with a strong concordance in peak discharges, particularly dominant with the Sirba River. The Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) and the Gumbel copula analyses highlighted the significant control of the Sirba River basin on flooding in Niamey, while also highlighting the important roles played by other tributaries. These findings are crucial for improving flood prevention and further refine urban flood management strategies in Niamey and other cities globally, affected by fluvial floods.https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/adaac9dynamic time warpingfloodgumbel copulahydrological controlNiger RiverSirba River |
| spellingShingle | Idi Souley Tangam Roland Yonaba Boubacar Ibrahim Mahaman Moustapha Adamou Harouna Karambiri Hydrological drivers of flooding in Niamey (Niger): the role of the Sirba River Environmental Research Communications dynamic time warping flood gumbel copula hydrological control Niger River Sirba River |
| title | Hydrological drivers of flooding in Niamey (Niger): the role of the Sirba River |
| title_full | Hydrological drivers of flooding in Niamey (Niger): the role of the Sirba River |
| title_fullStr | Hydrological drivers of flooding in Niamey (Niger): the role of the Sirba River |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydrological drivers of flooding in Niamey (Niger): the role of the Sirba River |
| title_short | Hydrological drivers of flooding in Niamey (Niger): the role of the Sirba River |
| title_sort | hydrological drivers of flooding in niamey niger the role of the sirba river |
| topic | dynamic time warping flood gumbel copula hydrological control Niger River Sirba River |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/adaac9 |
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