Hydrothermal carbonization approach for transforming biomass waste to value added hydrochar and its applications in water remediation
Industrialization and urbanization generate large volumes of wet biomass waste, leading to significant disposal challenges. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has emerged as a promising sustainable solution, converting wet biomass into hydrochar, a valuable byproduct with high carbon content, surface...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Desalination and Water Treatment |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1944398625002152 |
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| Summary: | Industrialization and urbanization generate large volumes of wet biomass waste, leading to significant disposal challenges. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has emerged as a promising sustainable solution, converting wet biomass into hydrochar, a valuable byproduct with high carbon content, surface area, and oxygenated functional groups. These properties make hydrochar ideal for applications such as water remediation, energy production, and soil improvement. This review critically examines the mechanisms, key parameters, and applications of HTC, focusing on its role in water treatment. HTC operates under subcritical water conditions, facilitating the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass through hydrolysis, dehydration, decarboxylation, and condensation polymerization. The review highlights how hydrochar effectively adsorbs organic and inorganic pollutants from water. It also emphasizes the circular economy concept, promoting the recovery of value-added products from waste to support sustainable development goals (SDGs). By summarizing recent advancements and limitations, this review provides valuable insights for optimizing HTC in large-scale industrial applications and suggests future research directions to improve economic viability. |
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| ISSN: | 1944-3986 |