Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric aging
<p>Discrepancies persist between modeled simulations and measured sulfate concentrations in the marine boundary layer, especially when the marine air is influenced by biomass burning plumes. However, there has been a notable dearth of research conducted on the interactions between sea-salt aer...
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Copernicus Publications
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/25/425/2025/acp-25-425-2025.pdf |
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| author | R. Tang R. Tang J. Ma R. Zhang W. Cui Y. Qin Y. Chu Y. Qin A. L. Vogel C. K. Chan |
| author_facet | R. Tang R. Tang J. Ma R. Zhang W. Cui Y. Qin Y. Chu Y. Qin A. L. Vogel C. K. Chan |
| author_sort | R. Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Discrepancies persist between modeled simulations and measured sulfate concentrations in the marine boundary layer, especially when the marine air is influenced by biomass burning plumes. However, there has been a notable dearth of research conducted on the interactions between sea-salt aerosol and biomass burning plumes, impeding a comprehensive understanding of sulfate formation. This work studied sulfate formation by mixing real biomass burning (BB) extracts and NaCl, mimicking internal mixtures of BB and sea-salt particles. BB–NaCl particles had a significantly higher sulfate formation rate than incense burning (IS)–NaCl particles. For fresh particles, the sulfate formation rate followed the trend of corn straw (CS)–NaCl <span class="inline-formula">></span> rice straw (RS)–NaCl <span class="inline-formula">></span> wheat straw (WS)–NaCl <span class="inline-formula">></span> IS–NaCl. The filter sample aging was achieved by exposure to OH<span class="inline-formula">•</span> generated from UV irradiation. After aging, RS–NaCl particles exhibited the highest enhancement in sulfate formation rates among all the BB–NaCl particles due to interactions between RS and NaCl. Bulk aqueous experiments spiked with NaCl using mixtures of model photosensitizers (PSs) and nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOCs), pyrazine (CHN), and 4-nitrocatechol (CHON) revealed positive effects of chloride in the PS–CHON system and negative effects in the PS–CHN system in sulfate formation. Our work suggests that BB reaching or near coastal areas can affect sulfate formation via photosensitizer-mediated reactions, potentially exacerbating air pollution.</p> |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-99bb0bb6357a4ec898ef211715c8711c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj-art-99bb0bb6357a4ec898ef211715c8711c2025-01-13T11:52:14ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242025-01-012542543910.5194/acp-25-425-2025Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric agingR. Tang0R. Tang1J. Ma2R. Zhang3W. Cui4Y. Qin5Y. Chu6Y. Qin7A. L. Vogel8C. K. Chan9School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaShenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, ChinaInstitute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaSchool of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaSchool of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaInstitute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, GermanyDivision of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia<p>Discrepancies persist between modeled simulations and measured sulfate concentrations in the marine boundary layer, especially when the marine air is influenced by biomass burning plumes. However, there has been a notable dearth of research conducted on the interactions between sea-salt aerosol and biomass burning plumes, impeding a comprehensive understanding of sulfate formation. This work studied sulfate formation by mixing real biomass burning (BB) extracts and NaCl, mimicking internal mixtures of BB and sea-salt particles. BB–NaCl particles had a significantly higher sulfate formation rate than incense burning (IS)–NaCl particles. For fresh particles, the sulfate formation rate followed the trend of corn straw (CS)–NaCl <span class="inline-formula">></span> rice straw (RS)–NaCl <span class="inline-formula">></span> wheat straw (WS)–NaCl <span class="inline-formula">></span> IS–NaCl. The filter sample aging was achieved by exposure to OH<span class="inline-formula">•</span> generated from UV irradiation. After aging, RS–NaCl particles exhibited the highest enhancement in sulfate formation rates among all the BB–NaCl particles due to interactions between RS and NaCl. Bulk aqueous experiments spiked with NaCl using mixtures of model photosensitizers (PSs) and nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOCs), pyrazine (CHN), and 4-nitrocatechol (CHON) revealed positive effects of chloride in the PS–CHON system and negative effects in the PS–CHN system in sulfate formation. Our work suggests that BB reaching or near coastal areas can affect sulfate formation via photosensitizer-mediated reactions, potentially exacerbating air pollution.</p>https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/25/425/2025/acp-25-425-2025.pdf |
| spellingShingle | R. Tang R. Tang J. Ma R. Zhang W. Cui Y. Qin Y. Chu Y. Qin A. L. Vogel C. K. Chan Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric aging Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric aging |
| title_full | Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric aging |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric aging |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric aging |
| title_short | Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric aging |
| title_sort | enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea salt interactions mediated by photosensitization effects of chloride nitrogen containing compounds and atmospheric aging |
| url | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/25/425/2025/acp-25-425-2025.pdf |
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