Detecting Solar Flare Precursors Using DEFT
The Detection and EUV Flare Tracking (DEFT) tool automatically identifies flare precursors in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations in a fast and consistent manner, with minimal computational overhead. DEFT currently uses GOES/SUVI 304 Å observations to detect, group, and flag sudden impulses that...
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IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad98fa |
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| author | Larisza D. Krista |
| author_facet | Larisza D. Krista |
| author_sort | Larisza D. Krista |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Detection and EUV Flare Tracking (DEFT) tool automatically identifies flare precursors in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations in a fast and consistent manner, with minimal computational overhead. DEFT currently uses GOES/SUVI 304 Å observations to detect, group, and flag sudden impulses that could be precursors to flares. In this study, we analyzed precursor signatures before 351 flares (150 C, 150 M, and 51 X class flares) that occurred from 2017 to date. Across these magnitudes, precursors were detected for 93% of the flares when using a 6 hr window before the flare start times. Using superposed epoch analysis, we found that elevated precursor activity tends to occur across all magnitude flares in the last 2 hr before the flares. The frequency of precursors gradually increases before M class flares but decreases for C class flares. We also found that in the last 20 minutes there is a significantly higher precursor frequency, pixel count, and power associated with M class flares than C class flares. We suggest that the observed EUV precursors are the observable signatures of small-scale magnetic reconnection events, and the consistently increasing frequency of precursor activity could indicate that the region is becoming increasingly unstable and reaching a critical stage that could result in flare initiation. Continuing research on EUV precursors is essential to better understand preflare processes that build and reduce magnetic instability prior to main-stage flares. The consistent and reliable detection and differentiation of EUV precursors could also complement and significantly improve current flare forecasting efforts. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-99b772c7a0af4c2f96e4775d52b3760e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-99b772c7a0af4c2f96e4775d52b3760e2025-08-20T01:53:25ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572024-01-01978212110.3847/1538-4357/ad98faDetecting Solar Flare Precursors Using DEFTLarisza D. Krista0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4627-8967Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309, USA; National Centers for Environmental Information, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , Boulder, CO 80305, USA; Space Science Institute , Boulder, CO 80301, USAThe Detection and EUV Flare Tracking (DEFT) tool automatically identifies flare precursors in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations in a fast and consistent manner, with minimal computational overhead. DEFT currently uses GOES/SUVI 304 Å observations to detect, group, and flag sudden impulses that could be precursors to flares. In this study, we analyzed precursor signatures before 351 flares (150 C, 150 M, and 51 X class flares) that occurred from 2017 to date. Across these magnitudes, precursors were detected for 93% of the flares when using a 6 hr window before the flare start times. Using superposed epoch analysis, we found that elevated precursor activity tends to occur across all magnitude flares in the last 2 hr before the flares. The frequency of precursors gradually increases before M class flares but decreases for C class flares. We also found that in the last 20 minutes there is a significantly higher precursor frequency, pixel count, and power associated with M class flares than C class flares. We suggest that the observed EUV precursors are the observable signatures of small-scale magnetic reconnection events, and the consistently increasing frequency of precursor activity could indicate that the region is becoming increasingly unstable and reaching a critical stage that could result in flare initiation. Continuing research on EUV precursors is essential to better understand preflare processes that build and reduce magnetic instability prior to main-stage flares. The consistent and reliable detection and differentiation of EUV precursors could also complement and significantly improve current flare forecasting efforts.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad98faSolar flaresSolar extreme ultraviolet emissionAstronomy image processing |
| spellingShingle | Larisza D. Krista Detecting Solar Flare Precursors Using DEFT The Astrophysical Journal Solar flares Solar extreme ultraviolet emission Astronomy image processing |
| title | Detecting Solar Flare Precursors Using DEFT |
| title_full | Detecting Solar Flare Precursors Using DEFT |
| title_fullStr | Detecting Solar Flare Precursors Using DEFT |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detecting Solar Flare Precursors Using DEFT |
| title_short | Detecting Solar Flare Precursors Using DEFT |
| title_sort | detecting solar flare precursors using deft |
| topic | Solar flares Solar extreme ultraviolet emission Astronomy image processing |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad98fa |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lariszadkrista detectingsolarflareprecursorsusingdeft |